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1870-1879 in date 
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Hooker, J. D. in correspondent 
Thiselton-Dyer, William Turner in addressee 
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From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
4 April 1870
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.1, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH writes that he is glad to hear of Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer's [WTTD's] appointment to the Dublin chair [of the Royal College of Science for Ireland, Dublin]. Has seen Dr [Edward Percival] Wright who is happy for WTTD to have access to, & make use of, the T[rinity] C[ollege] Herbarium. However, Wright wishes WTTD to wait a little before taking a more prominent position than himself so that 'matters will arrange themselves'. Wright is talking of getting leave for 2 years & going abroad, leaving WTTD in charge. JDH says that the vegetable products museum should be attached to the Botanic Garden, along with a Herbarium & Library, without which the garden will be useless. JDH cannot supply structural specimens of plants from the RBG Kew museum as all duplicates are sent to places which give things in return. Will be happy to give advice about Cape Flora & thinks it is a worthy endeavour to finish it. Notes that WTTD will probably not be ready to embark on the descriptive part of the flora, & therefore need the herbarium, before Wright leaves anyway.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
12 November 1870
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.2, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH compliments Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer [WTTD] on his paper on 'Spontaneous Generation & Evolution' & hopes that it is a prelude to further research into the chemistry of vegetation as JDH believes there is no better man to do it. JDH is currently reading John Tyndall's paper 'On the Actions of Rays of High Refrangibility upon Gaseous Matter' in PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF LONDON & he is struck by Tyndall's remarks on the decomposition of carbonic acid, by solar rays, in the leaves of plants. JDH says that he had thought about this independently & believes it would make a good research subject. Has heard that Dr P[ercival] Wright it going to Algeria for the winter. JDH hopes that he has left the key to the [Trinity College] Herbarium for them.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
12 January 1871
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.3, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH asks if William Thiselton-Dyer would be willing to contribute descriptions of orders, genera & species for a proposed flora of India & outlines the terms of employment.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
21 February 1871
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.5, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH writes that he is pleased William Thiselton-Dyer is starting work on the Asclepiadoideae [for FLORA CAPENSIS]. The herbarium of Robert Wight will be at Thiselton-Dyer's disposal. William Henry Harvey is a model of how to approach complex systematic work. JDH approves of Thiselton-Dyer's plan to have an educational museum in the [botany] department [of Royal College of Science for Ireland]. Discusses sending Welwitschia specimens for the museum, 2 live specimens have already been sent from RBG Kew to Glasnevin [National Botanic Gardens, Ireland]. JDH will send Thiselton-Dyer Asclepiad flowers as they bloom at RBG Kew & a copy of Benjamin Delessert's ICONES SELECTAE PLANTARUM QUAS IN SYSTEMATE UNIVERSALI with figures by Joseph Decaisne. JDH adds he has not heard from India House about a flora of India, he is concerned about 'the neuralgia' & would like Salix specimens from Dr Moore for Kew's new 'Salicetum'.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
23 June 1871
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.4, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH informs William Thiselton-Dyer that he has had a letter from Sir Henry Barkly [Governor of Cape Colony] urging the completion of FLORA CAPENSIS & suggesting that Peter MacOwan, an experienced Cape botanist, be sent to England for a year to accomplish this. JDH passes on MacOwan's feelings on the subject & asks for Thiselton-Dyer's opinion. He also asks if Thiselton-Dyer will be able to describe any families for a flora of India.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
--[1872]
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.8, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH writes to Thiselton-Dyer regarding Norman Lockyer & Alexander MacMillan, respectively editor & Scottish publisher of NATURE; to which JDH has lent his name. Lockyer has not sent JDH a copy of William Carruthers' letter, JDH considers Carruthers' intellect muddled by a 'fear of extinction'. JDH is going to the funeral of an old friend, Archibald Smith of Jordanhill, in Kensal Green the following day. JDH invites Thiselton-Dyer to dine with him & his cousin Francis 'Frank' Palgrave.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
3 February 1872
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.6, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH asks William Thiselton-Dyer his opinion on the qualifications of Mr Archer to fill the chair of Botany at Dublin, vacated by Thiselton-Dyer. JDH has heard Archer is being prevented from applying in deference to Dr Percival Wright.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
9 September 1872
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.7, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH asks William Thiselton-Dyer to consider a post as his private secretary. The letter lays out the main duties, hours and salary for the job.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
-12-1872
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.9, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH informs Thiselton-Dyer that his wife, Frances Hooker, is unwell & so JDH will not be coming to work [in the RBG Kew herbarium] for a few days. He asks Thiselton-Dyer to consult Mrs Hooker's letters to determine what needs doing, & to continue work on the FLORA INDICA. If he completes the Dipterocarpeae Thiselton-Dyer should put the Impatiens in order for description. JDH has written to Daniel Oliver [Keeper of the herbarium] to ask him to put miscellaneous dried collections in order by genera. JDH will need to come to work to do the BOTANICAL MAGAZINE, when will depend on his wife's health.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
18-1?-1873
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.10, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH asks Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer to take special note of how Wilson Saunders cultivates plants from the Cape [Cape Peninsula, South Africa] so they can emulate the techniques in the pits at RBG Kew. He also wants to know where Saunders got the Elleanthus chrysocomus & Cotyledon mamillaris which he gave RBG Kew. Mr Pritchard has informed JDH that [William] Carruthers will drop his claim [that the RBG Kew herbarium should be transferred to the British Museum of Natural History to form one national herbarium] if papers can be produced that prove the RBG Kew herbarium is government property. The C. S. [Civil Service?] Commission have informed JDH that Spink's exams put him at the bottom of a list of 5 candidates [for a gardener position at Kew]. [George] Nicholson, a candidate with no training or references had the highest scores & impressed [John] Smith with his capacity so JDH has agreed to hire him. Thanks to ' [Acton Smee] Ayrton's folly' Nicholson will be on twice the salary he would have accepted, £150 per annum rather than £75. In additional marginal notes JDH mentions a letter from Reynold, [George] Bentham & his Linnean Society 'matter', & asks Thiselton-Dyer to write a few pages on the distribution of [Nathaniel] Wallich's Dipterocarps.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
19 June 1873
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.11, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH asks William Thiselton-Dyer to inform Mr New whether or not he will be able to read JDH's paper on Kilimanjaro plants at the Linnean Society. JDH is leaving Beitrich for Gerolstein, & will then cross the Eifel to Altenahr & return home via Bonn or Aix. Mention's Kendall's death. JDH's tour has so far covered Luxembourg, Treves [Trier] & Berncastle [Bernkastel]. The weather has been cold & he has observed that the vegetation is not as far advanced as at RBG Kew & fruit & nut crops have been killed.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
16 July 1873
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.12, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH reports that he & [Thomas Henry] Huxley are enjoying their time in France. He asks Thiselton-Dyer how his class is going [Thiselton-Dyer took over Huxley's summer course in elementary biology in 1873 as Huxley was away for his health]. JDH & Huxley have been studying a volcanic phenomenon [volcanic plug] & subsequent glacial action. JDH finds the scenery beautiful. Although the flora is diverse he is not collecting plants. Asks Thiselton-Dyer to tell Daniel Oliver he prefers Le Puy to Nuremberg & to pass on any messages from Oliver or [John] Smith.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
--1874
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.19, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH writes to Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer to complain about the Linnean Society, he describes it as having: 'no backbone, only an os sacrum that ought to be kicked'.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
--1874
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.25, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH is determined that he & Sir William Thiselton-Dyer will not lose Currey [as a Secretary of the Linnean Society?]. JDH supports Thiselton-Dyer's plans to reform the Linnean Society. JDH will remonstrate Allman for snubbing the Linnean Society by sending his paper to the Royal Society. Thinks they can succeed in having the Council Room turned into a meeting room on a trial basis. JDH reassures Thiselton-Dyer that his sympathies are not opposed to biological botany. He thinks the work that Thiselton-Dyer was doing for him prior to the Cape flora was not advancing Thiselton-Dyer's scientific status or wealth, though it was of great use to JDH. Thiselton-Dyer's work on the Cape flora was to redress this balance, especially as it relates to his personal field of interest, geographic botany & there is an audience for it. If Thiselton-Dyer had expressed a preference for pure physiology over systematic work JDH would have been equally supportive & still urged him to seek work that was useful & paid well. JDH's opinion of the British Association [for the Advancement of Science] is that it has out lived its original purpose & is now in unnecessary competition with other societies. He concedes that [the 44th meeting of the British Association at] Belfast was exceptional as a useful British Association exercise. The Linnean Society is useful to JDH for its resources, he joined it for his own benefit as well as science's & is willing to exert some effort to preserve it, unlike the BA. JDH observes that the biological side of zoology is becoming associated with the Royal Society rather than the Linnean & thought there should be enough papers for both there is also competition from the zoology and microscopical societies. He thinks the latter should be assumed into the Linnean Society but doubts that is practical.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
28 April 1874
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.13, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

[Letter in French, transcript available in French and English]. JDH writes that he is sending Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer [WTTD] a corrected copy of the [KEW ANNUAL] REPORT & leaves it to WTTD's discretion when it is ready to send to the printers. JDH & his party travelled to Nimes by rail via the mountains from Clermont Ferrand & JDH was impressed by the basalt landscape, which he describes. The vegetation is not more advanced than in England but the trees coming into leaf were attractive. JDH wonders why there is so much variation in the colour of different species' young leaves but not their mature foliage. In the southern valleys JDH saw olive, wild chestnut & evergreen oak. JDH praises the Jardine de Plantes, Paris, which [Joseph] Decaisne showed them. JDH discusses [Adolphe] Brogniart's views on palaeobotany; his opinion that [William] Williamson's theories are superior to [William] Caruthers' & his belief that there are no Polypodiaceae fossils in the coal beds. The party will next visit [Jules Emile] Planchon in Montpellier then go to Pont du Gard, Arles, Cannes, to see Mr [Gustave-Adolph] Thuret in Antibes & [Daniel] Hanbury in Menton. There is an addenda to the letter, written in English, under date 30 [Apr 1874] in which JDH reiterates the places they have visited & reports that he read about the resignation of G. Russell in GALIGNANI'S MESSENGER & that he himself is still mildly ill with a cough.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
1 May 1874
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.14, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH reports that the slightly cold weather in Cannes & Montpellier have aggravated his rheumatism. Criticises the maintenance of [Jules Emille] Planchon's garden in Montpellier & attributes this to the fact that they try to grow twice as many species as necessary on a small budget. The aging Professor Charles Martins gave a charming tour of the garden. At Montpellier station met with [Hugh Algernon] Weddell arriving from Cette [Sète], where he had been doing lichen research. Mrs [Frances] Hooker is going to Florence to stay with Miss Galton. JDH is happy 'to miss' the presidency of 'Section D' [at the Florence International Botanical Congress] & supports [John] Tyndall for a vice-presidency. Mentions the Roman ruins at Nimes & a trip from Nimes to Pont du Gard ruin, where he gather 42 species in a single spot. Tomorrow they leave for Antibes where they may see [George James] Allman if he has not left for San Remo. They then go to stay with Mr Hanbury at Mentone [Giardini Botanici Hanbury previously known as Palazzo Orengo], and on to Genoa, Pisa & Florence. JDH reports that [Geroge] Bentham is well but 'put out' to hear that Cambridge Universoty has awarded him the peculiar honour of LL.D. Adds that having met St George Jackson Mivart in Paris & found him to be a willing candidate for secretary of the Linnean Society this information has been met with enthusiasm from Frederick Currie [Currey].

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
8 May 1874
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.15, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

[Letter in French, transcript available in French and English]. JDH writes to Sir William Thiselton-Dyer in order to practice the French he is learning. He writes that he & his party have travelled from Nimes to Arles, where he saw the Roman ruins, & from Arles to Cannes during which journey he admired the countryside & particularly the Pinus pinea groups by the sea. He compares Cannes itself to Torquay but less green. They then stayed with Mr Altmann at the Hotel du Cap in Antibes where they also met with Mr Thuret & Dr Bornet. JDH describes & praises Thuret's garden, which is full of plants from all over the world which thrive despite the extreme seasonal temperatures caused by the Mistral winds. JDH personally prefers the climate & greener vegetation of Madeira & Portugal to that in France. The cold weather in Antibes aggravated JDH's rheumatism, the season there is nearly over. He also met a Colonel Roper in Antibes who was there with his wife for her health. Colonel Roper was very well read in natural history, his wife went every night with a princess to a casino in Monaco at returned by train at midnight. JDH discusses Bornet's work on seaweeds which grow within the tissues of lichen & gives his own opinions, particularly on the 'gonidie'. He also mentions the possibility of lichens & algae with parasitic relationships, or whether it is more a case of their primordial condition. JDH continues the letter in English under the address Pegli, near Genoa. He writes that they will go next to Sestri, Spezzia & Florence & notes that [George] Bentham has had diarrhoea & JDH's own cough lingers.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
16 May 1874
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.16, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH expects Smith has already told Thiselton-Dyer of his 'insouciance' respecting Nice. Thanks Thiselton-Dyer for correcting his [Kew Annual?] Report, he suspects the mistakes were in the record of garden arrivals as [Daniel] Oliver prepares the herbarium records & [John Reader] Jackson the museum acquisitions. He will consider Thiselton-Dyer's suggestion that [George] Nicholson prepare the garden records, as he considers him very able & thinks Smith should make more use of his talents. Mentions that Decaisne gave him Brouquarts'[?] Setewale [Curcuma zedoaria] of Carruthers. JDH will not reply to Miss Booth's letter yet as he wants to avoid visiting her in Lyons, they are trying to keep her father's botanical books together. Tells Thiselton-Dyer not to spend too long on JDH's [Royal Society Presidential?] address. Proposes that the paper on Nepenthes be a joint effort. Agrees with Thiselton-Dyer view on physiological research. Is anxious to read Sachs[?]. JDH calls Florence 'glorious'. The Horticultural Show & Botanical Congress are 'fiascos'. Filippo Parlatore is ill with whopping cough so JDH was made chair of the first session in his place, it should have been George Bentham. Lists some of the attendants. Mentions Carnel brought his Cynomoria to the congress & [Andrei Sergeyevich] Famintsyn read a paper on Myxogasters. Next JDH, Mrs [Frances] Hooker & Huxley go to Venice, then home via Munich. Allman is in Florence but will return in time for the first meeting of the Linnean Society in June.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
19 May 1874
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.17, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH thanks Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer [WTTD] for his letter with news of the loss of the ship 'Liberia', on which their friends the Lowes were passengers. Richard Thomas Lowe's death means the Flora of Madeira will never be finished, like so many other systematic works of botany. In Filippo Parlatore's absence from the Botanical Congress, in Florence, JDH was elected to act as President. He describes how he went about organising & chairing the proceedings of the Congress. He mentions the following papers that were given: one on the Colchicaceae of Greece, [Andrei Sergeyevich] Famintsyn[?] on Myxogasters, Caruel on Cynomorium from Sardinia, Schimper on Astrophyllites from the gneiss quarries of Mont Blanc. JDH had to comment on the papers in his poor French which annoyed some attendees. A bust of [Philip Barker] Webb was invested. JDH & the Vice Presidents had an audience with the King of Italy [Victor Emmanuel II], who JDH calls 'repulsive'. JDH is now in Venice & will return home via Paris. [John] Ball & [George] Allman stayed on in Florence, but the latter must return home soon for his election to the Presidency of the Linnean Society. JDH informs WTTD that he is happy to be a President of the British Association [for the Advancement of Science] meeting but will be satisfied if he only presents the joint paper on Nepenthes. JDH & party are well, except for [George] Bentham who has had diarrhoea. JDH briefly had a cough but has recovered. Mr Harvey is also in Venice.

Contributor:
Hooker Project
From:
Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker
To:
Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer
Date:
23 July 1874
Source of text:
JDH/2/16 f.18, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Summary:

JDH informs Sir William Turner Thiselton-Dyer that Lord Hatherley has found in George Bentham's favour on all points [regarding the amendment of the Linnean Society by-laws]. JDH still hopes [Marcus Manuel] Hartog will accept the post [of Assistant Director, Peradeniya Botanic Garden] in Ceylon [Sri Lanka]. In a post script JDH briefly discusses a recent experiment with carnivorous plants: Nepenthes rafllesiana & phyllamphora & mentions the difficulty of studying Darlingtonia & Cephalotus.

Contributor:
Hooker Project