Sofia Vasilyevna Kovalevskaya (Софья Васильевна Ковалевская) (1850–91)

Russian mathematician and author. Wife of Vladimir Onufrievich Kovalevsky. Studied mathematics with private tutors, in Heidelberg from 1869, then in Berlin under Karl Weierstrass from 1871. Doctorate in absentia from Göttingen, 1874. Lecturer in mathematics, University of Stockholm, 1883; professor, 1884. Life professorship, 1889. Wrote mathematical papers and autobiographical novels.