Martin Karl Heinrich Lichtenstein (1780–1857)

German naturalist and traveller. MD, Jena, 1802. Tutor to the son of the governor of Cape Colony, and house doctor, 1804–6, during which time he studied the natural history of the Cape. Surgeon-major in the Dutch army before returning to Germany, where he wrote up the results of his travels. Appointed professor of zoology, Berlin, 1811; director of the zoological museum, 1813–57. Travelled and collected in South America.