Nils Adolf Erik (Adolf) (Erik) Nordenskiöld, baron (1832–1901)

Finnish–Swedish explorer, mineralogist, and geographer. Educated at the University of Helsinki, but moved to Sweden in 1858. Chief of mineralogy at the Swedish National Museum, 1858–1901. Made several voyages of Arctic exploration between 1857 and 1886, the chief of which was the Vega expedition, 1878–9, for which he was created baron by the Swedish government. Published seminal works in the history of cartography.