Joseph Gaertner (1732–91)

German botanist. MD, Tübingen, 1753, but did not practise. Professor of anatomy, Tübingen, professor of botany, St Petersburg; catalogued the empress’s cabinet of curiosities, and travelled with Count Grigori Orlov in Ukraine. Most famous for De fructibus et seminibus plantarum (1788–92), in which he established terminology for fruit and seeds.