Frederick Lewis, prince of Wales (1707–51)

Eldest son of George II. Moved to England in 1728 after his father became king; created prince of Wales, 1729. Patron of the arts. Created a garden with exotic plants at his property in Kew. Opposed his father and was ordered to leave St James’s Palace in 1737. Moved into Norfolk House, London, where his first son, the future George III, was born, and then into Leicester House. Excluded from the court, he developed a patriotic Englishness and engaged in politics. Commissioned the masque Alfred (1740), which included the song ‘Rule Britannia’.