Writes to send thanks by way of AH to the King of Prussia for the award of the Order of Merit. JH also comments on some astronomical matters.

Offers some information on 'Coal Sacks' in Southern Cross [see AH's 1850-7-31]. Happy to hear that volume 3 of Kosmos is near completion.

Astronomical queries, with particular reference to the Coal Sack. [Probably to JH, but unclear from letter.]

Thanks JH for JH's review of AH's Cosmos. Recommends E. H. DuBois-Reymond to JH's attention.

JDH thanks Humboldt for mention in ASPECTS OF NATURE. JDH mentions his imprisonment by the Rajah with [Archibald] Campbell. He writes regarding geography of the Himalayas. He discusses heights of certain peaks determined by the Surveyor General & Captain Thullier & also determining elevation using native & cultivated vegetation as indicators, e.g. at Lhassa. He describes the location, extent & nature of mountain groups with reference to landmarks & some mention of the different people, vegetation, snowline & climate. His description covers: Chumalari, Kinchin-Junga [Kanchenjunga] between rivers Teesta & Arun, Dwhalgiri [Dhaulagiri], Gossain-Than between Gundule & Gogra, Jewahir, a group dividing Soubansiri & the Morass, Patchion Valley, Donkiah between Matchoo [Mo Chhu] & Lachen, Mansarovar, Kamtchoo[?] Lakes, U & Tsang provinces, Dingchaun Province, Ramtchin, Kiong-lah range incl. Odoos & Mateltons, Yarou river, Mendoling & Darjeeling. He discusses the boundaries of Nepal, Tibet, Sikkim, China & Bhutan mentioning Puri. JDH presents theory that Himalayas are spurs of a larger mountain chain, but does not think they are 'the mountain Axis in Asia'. Thomson thinks Karakoran & Miztagh are continuation of the' axis' from Mansarowar: a 'noued' on the Sutlej & Indus rivers. Discusses the monsoons in Sikkim, Garrows, Rajmahal Mts , Bhutan Mts & Khossyeh [Khasia]. Discusses the vegetation in Tibet: Lonicera, Rhododendron, Zarruchillia, Ranunculus, Graphalinea, Saussurea, Artemisia, Erejeron, Astragalus, Valeriana, Loniera, Rosa, Berberis, insects & animals he has seen & how the pines differ there. Rocks & geological formations in the Himalayas incl: Gneiss, Granites, fossilferous limestone, Mica, Clay, Sandstone & coal, hot-springs with sulphurous salts, moraines & glaciers that show Himalayas are sinking. JDH will visit Cachar, Chittagong & Arracan before leaving for Calcutta [Kolkata] & England. Hodgson is ill & JDH heard about Prince of Prussia's accident.

Compliments.

Sends pt. 1 of Bonpland and Kunth's "Genera et species"; hopes to visit Norwich.

Introduces Kunth; appreciation of Smith's "Introduction to botany"; an article in the "Quarterly".