JDH apologises for not writing to his grandfather, Joseph Hooker senior, from St Helena. He describes the hierarchy & his daily routine on the ship [HMS 'Erebus']. After breakfast he tends to the sick then takes meteorological observation for the Captain [James Clark Ross] & studies German. After the midday meal he checks the towing nets & after dinner draws & describes specimens & writes his journal & notes. JDH takes the dew point every day. At sea they communicate with sister ship HMS 'Terror' once a month in person & the ships exchange information on their position regularly by signal. A recent dredging near the shore gathered 30 different species of marine animals: corals, shrimp, crab, worms & sponges but no sea weed or submarine vegetation. The Captain sounds every day with a whale line & takes readings from the water at different depths using various instruments incl. a Massey's log. The deepest they have reached is 2477 fathoms & often the sea is too deep to reach the bottom. Sounding at 500 fathoms requires all the men to haul the line back in, a fiddler plays for encouragement - often Rob Roy. JDH tells his grandfather of the hospitality of the Muir family & an invitation from Andrew Johnson to his house, the 'Palle', near Funchal, Madeira. Discusses the diminishing provisions on the long cruise between St Helena & the Cape de Verde & the rations allowed to each man incl. a 'gill of grog' & lemon juice to prevent scurvy. The captain arranged a Christmas dinner & New Year's party. On Sundays there is a church service on the lower deck. The artillery officer, Wilmot, left to take charge of the Cape Observatory & some passengers have also disembarked leaving more room for the naturalists to work. JDH describes how he maintains & stores his plant specimen collection. JDH heard about the deaths of Allan Cunningham & Duke of Bedford from Mr Bowie of the Ludwigsburgh Garden. JDH asks for books in German to be sent to him at Van Diemen's Land [Tasmania].