Thanks Smith for medical advice, prior to his letter had used "Whitehead's oil of turpentine" which had caused his leg complaint to become much more painful so took to seabathing for six weeks, with improvements from the third. Thanks for specimens, agrees with Smith's descriptions of 'Poa compressa' and 'Poa caesia'. Smith's 'Poa alpina' has helped determine that his is a distinct species, possibly 'Poa glauca' of [William] Withering. Sending more specimens of it. Thanks Smith for information on 'Cersatium latifolium'. Has sent a specimen of a plant from Anglesea he believes may be Smith's 'Carex laevigata'. After reading Smith's description of it in "Linnean Transactions" realised a mistake he had made about 'Carex binervis', which he took for 'Carex distans', sends speciemens of 'C. distans' [extant]. Encloses some moss specimens. Asks Smith's opinion of [Olof] Swartz's "Dispositio systematica muscorum frondosorum Sveciae" and [Erik] Acharius' "History of Swedish Lichens".

Has rewritten his lost description of 'Doryanthes', has enclosed it with two plates [not extant, see Related Material below]. In despair as after six years the Ambassador of Portugal, who is a relation of the Grand Inquistor, has reawoken the "ancient hatred" of his persecutors and desires to effect his ruin either in England if he can, or by sending him back to Portugal.

Encloses fructification of a palm new to him; describes the fructification. The Bishop [of Winchester, Brownlow North] has asked [James] Sowerby to visit to draw it. Description similar to 'Zamia pumila' [Smith has annotated "'Zamia cycadis' in margin of recto of second folio].

["Spec 20" written in pencil at top of verso of first folio]

Sends specimen of grass he found in a wood near Newtown Barry, Ireland, believes it to be close to Smith's 'Festuca calamaria'. List of habitats of Irish plants observed by him. Disappointed in attempts to establish a botanical garden of hardy herbaceous plants with Lord Valentia [George Annesley] by the "ignorance or imposition of nurserymen", asks Smith to recommend anyone in Norfolk willing to assist. Asks whether there is a treatise on the genus 'Aster', the descriptions in "Hortus Kewensis" and Marten's "Dictionary" being "very confused". Lord Valentia sends an index to first four volumes of [Carl Ludwig] Willdenow's "Species Plantarum". From the seeds Smith sent has been able to grow 'Helianthus decapetalus', 'Polymnia canadensis', 'Eupatorium kuhnia', 'Carduus carinatus', and 'Allium nutans'.

Details of their journey to Portsmouth, [Hampshire], to sail for Madeira on the Falcon under Captain Nash. His son stronger and more cheerful since leaving home and has no heats or chills. They have the best letters of recommendation and gun portfolios for amusement as there will be quails, red legged partridges and rabbits in abundance.

Thanks for Smith's "Tour"'. Comments on sermon by Smith's friend Houghton. Hopes to see Smith soon.

He and Mr Poulter have determined that what they once thought 'Zamia pumila' is in fact 'Zamia cycadis' of "Hortus Kewensis"; flowering in his garden, possibly for first time in Europe.

Ill-health has prevented him from sending for the willow specimens. Received collection of seeds from [William] Roxburgh including 'Smithia', Milne [(fl 1800s-1810s) William Beckford's gardener] has had some, offers to Smith. Also received from Roxburgh "the largest collection of specimens that ever came from India at one time" in part for Smith and Sir Joseph Banks. Transcribes Roxburgh's list explaining each layer of specimens within the chest. Notes four new species of nutmeg, fine specimens of 'Commersonia echinata' in fruit and flower, 'Rubus moluccanus', however none are named. Dined with [Jonas] Dryander and [Alexander] Macleay. Requests specimens and cuttings of the willows. In postscript states the great quantity of 'Molucca' specimens and mentions [Richard] Salisbury and Mill Hill.

Thanks for Smith's letter of 5 August [1801]. Classifying Linnaeus' lichens on new arrangement based on their fruits, for a new work; details of plan; requests lichen names from Smith. Sending Smith parcel of lichens via [Olof] Swartz; catalogue at end of letter [extant]. He has been expeanding his own herbarium, which now contains 7,000 species; requests Australasian and Pacific island plants from Smith; he has specimens of palms, American ferns, 'Epidendrum', and South American specimens. Asks Smith's opinion of Linnaeus' 'Byssum incanum', 'B. laceteum', 'B. antiquitatis', 'B. saxatilem', 'Lichen lacteum', and 'L. rupicolens'.

Catalogue of lichens, 2pp.

Offers to supply engravings of the 'Cycas revoluta' drawn by his daughter for publication in "Linnean Transactions" or other [appeared as plates for Smith's article 'Description of the Fruit of Cycas revoluta']. Has had 'Plumeria' and 'Globba nutans' this season, a cinnamon tree in flower, and ripe fruit from the large leaved 'Myrtus pimenta'. Encloses specimen of [Nathaniel] Wallich's 'Eriocoryne nidularis'.

Specimen of 'Eriocoryne nidularis'.

Has been in Fife but did not find any plants of interest. Dr Rutherford ill this season; hopes it is not serious on account of the great contributions he has made. Dr Waltner continues very ill. Joy of the country; "peace and the prospect of plenty shines in every face".

Dispatched Professor [Eugen Johann Christoph] Esper's [(1742-1810)] FMLS diploma several months ago. Congratulates Smith on the return of peace [between Britain and France] with the ratification of the preliminaries [of the Treaty of Amiens, signed 25 March 1802]; "the mob" took the horses from the Consuls carriage and drew them home.

Disagreements over 'Carex' between him and [John] Pitchford, who believes Goodenough's 'Carex fulva' is the 'C. distans' of all other authors and sent specimen to him of which Goodenough thinks it a slight variety of 'C. flava'. Pitchford believes everyone has been deceived by [William] Hudson's 'C. inflata' which is in fact Smith's 'C. laevigata'; Goodenough convinced it is his 'C. depauperata'. Continually asked when Smith's "Flora Britannica" will be completed. Wishes that he had been on hand when Smith was selecting specimens and writing for "English Botany". Believes that the arrival of peace [Treaty of London, signed 30 September 1801, a preliminary peace between Britian and France] will be particularly beneficial for natural history, hopes that Britain will "keep the lead in science, as we have undoubtedly in naval glory" but dreads introduction of revolutionary principles.

Felicitations on the Peace; appointed Professor at Madrid Jard. des Plantes.

Has so far failed to find the '[Lichen] floridus' for Smith. Will preserve Smith specimens of 'Conchium salicinum', though its pods are so hard she will struggle to dry them. Offers to send seed of 'Spartium monospermum' which has sparingly ripened this year. Thanks for seeds of 'Chelone barbata', she has given half to Todd, the gardener, and she will sow other half in spring. Anticipates her garden will be in "high beauty" next summer as her father gave her much manure and a man to take care of them, and she now has her mother's 'Auricula' collections. 'Strelitzia reginae' soon in "high beauty", it has many pods. Asks what the enclosed specimen is, it was found on the hills by Todd two years ago.

Rejoices with Smith on "happy event of peace" and hopes it be permanent; supposes Norwich was "very gay" with illuminations, she only had her dressing room illuminated. Congratulates Smith on his "vocal parties". Requests seeds or root of 'Gentiana verna', being delighted with the account of it in [William] Curtis' "[Botanical] Magazine".

Transcribes extract on 'Schoena' from volume 4 of [Friedrich] Ehrhart's "Beiträge". Two new English lichens, 'Lichen abietinus' and 'Lichen citrinellus', have been sent to him by [John] Harriman. Disagrees with Smith over definition of [Friedrich] Ehrhart's 'paradoxa'.

Relief that the tension between Britain and Sweden has abated. Two parcels sent, the first contains: lichens from [Erik] Acharius; a second paper on 'Orchidea' inserted in a volume of transactions of [Swedish] Academy [of Sciences], in between the leaves of which he has inserted specimens of mostly new 'Carex' provided by [Georg] Wahlenberg [(1780-1851)]; specimens of 'Musci frondosi'; and copy of "Dispositio systematica muscorum frondosorum Sveciae". The second parcel contains: first two volumes of "Flora Indiae occidentalis"; [Carl Peter] Thunberg's "Icones pl. Japonicarum"; first 13 plates from "Icones plant. ind. occid."; and packs of West Indies grasses.

Asks if Smith knows 'Festuca arundinacea', it is almost a fascimile of 'Poa aquatica', and 'Arundo stricta'. Wahlenberg has gathered many plants from northern Lapland and also discovered a new 'Arenaria (sulcata)' and a 'Myosotis (related to virginica)', will send them next time. Wahlenberg is working on a "synopsis 'Caricum'" and planning another trip as far north as Nordcap. Asks Smith's opinion of his work on 'Orchidea', explains some of his observations, the papers are published in transactions of [Swedish] Academy [of Sciences]. He has also "laboured through" the ferns, the paper is published in [Heinrich Adolph] Schrader's "Journal [of Botany]". Asks Smith's opinion of [Christaan Hendrik] Persoon's "Synopsis fungorum", and if [Johann] Hedwig's posthumous "Species muscorum" and "Icones filicum" have appeared in England.

Death of [Richard] Pulteney, "seiz'd with a pleurisy which terminated his life in a few days". [Aylmer Bourke] Lambert's grief. Sorry to hear of Smith's ill health. Pulteney's museum left to Linnean Society but his library to be sold. Grosvenor Street house still not finished.

Account of his botanical tour of the the Connemara area of the county of Galway, Ireland, undertaken in August and September 1801, and his discovery of 'Eriocaulon decangulare'. This area had never before been explored by botanists except for Llhwyd in 1699 [Edward Lhuyd ? (1660-1709), Keeper of Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, 1690-1709]. Brief account of geography of Connemara.

Lists numerous authorities and previous descriptions of the 'Eriocaulon decangulare' he discovered, including: Linnaeus "Sp. Pl." 129 "Mantissa alt." 167 327, "Philosphical Transactions of the Royal Society" v.59.241, [John] Lightfoot "Scot" 569, being the 'Nasmythia articulata' of [William] Hudson "Ang" ed. alt. 414-415, the 'Eriocaulon septangulare' of [William] Withering ed. 3.184, the 'Eriocaulon decangulare' in "Flora Carolin[ian]" 83, Lamarck "Encyclop" tom.3.276. Jancinelle d'ecangulare, "English Botany" vol.II. 733, the 'Eriocaulon septangulare' of [Carl Ludwig] Willdenow "Sp. pl." v.1.486. It inhabits the edges of bodies of water across Connemara and Galway. Analyses its character as described in "English Botany", and by Lightfoot and Hudson. Believes Hudson should have used the trivial name 'reticulata' and not 'articulata', and that the generic name was changed to 'Nasmythia' to honour [John] Nasmyth [(1557-1613)], botanist and surgeon to James I. His own observations on its character. A specimen of his 'Eriocaulon' is enclosed [extant].

Intends in his "Flora Hibernica" to only publish plant locations personally verified by himself in or with a living specimen.

Specimen, 'Eriocaulon'.

Asks after the Linnean Society's charter, understanding that had been at Weymouth to received the royal signature. Received letter from Dr Walter Wade of Dublin informing him of discovery of 'Eriocaulon septangulare' in Ireland, never before seen outside the Isle of Skye; details of Wade's habitat; encloses specimen for the Society.