Disappointed to be in England but unable to visit Smith in Norwich, for second time. Sent by the Emperor Alexander [I of Russia (1777-1825)] to obtain living plants for the St Petersburg Imperial Botanic Garden; brief history of the garden; he only has three months before expected back at St Petersburg. Encloses paper for Smith from Jussieu. Hopeful he can start work on a "Flora Russica"

Explains difficulties of making Smith an advance payment for his work on "Flora Graeca", principally being fear of Smith's death and its consequences for completion of the work. He and [Thomas] Platt [(d 1842), one of John Sibthorp's executors, supervised the publication of "Flora Graeca"] hope the work can be finished in the next few years by borrowing money from University of Oxford and limiting the number of copies made. Asks Smith to supply list of all of Sibthorp's provincial floras, taken from Sibthorp's journals. Executor of will of Mr Jones of Chelsea gives Smith permission to inspect the collections he had expressed an interest in.

Hopes Smith's health is recovered, he and many others were disappointed he could not come to the last [Linnean Society][ anniversary meeting. He has been supervising [William] Baxter's [(1787-1871)], curator of the Botanic Garden, Oxford, "fasciculus of dried plants", about to be published.

He has procured many fungi specimens from Mr Gulliver of Banbury, of which he is sending a parcel. Compliments [Robert Kaye] Greville's work ["Scottish cryptogamic flora" (1823-1828)], and thinks the new genera 'Erineum', 'Acidium', 'Jaccinia', and 'Uredo' are well defined, but others including 'Xyloma' and 'Sclerotium' are "deficient in character".

Understands Smith is still sceptical regarding the Barberry bush being the cause of injury to wheat growing near it; has suggested to Greville it may be caused by "some peculiar modification of electricity" as the grain is always found shrivelled, as if scorched. Offers to send Smith further fungi specimens, including the "rarest", 'Batarrea phalloides'.

Recalls pleasure at gaining Smith's acquaintance at Cowes, [Isle of Wight], and sorrow at distance which prevents their meeting. Praises Smith's "English Flora" and his use of language, the 'Umbellate' plants "are surely now perfect". Passes on compliment from Mr P Duncan of New College, Oxford, on Smith's "Flora Britannica".

Apologises for long delay since receiving Smith's letter from Professor [Josef August] Schultes. Has been unable to find the 'Tilia' requested by Smith as he is too ill to go to the Stokenchurch area and it is not present in the Oxford Botanic Garden and there are no full specimens in Oxford herbaria. Describes another failed attempt to acquire it. The Botanic Garden has a plant of Mr Whitehead's 'Aconitum' but it is now too mature for Smith to obtain any information from a specimen.

Congratulates Smith on his return to health and goes on to praise Smith's "most valuable and learned works on botany", the women in his family are especially delighted with the "The English Flora" and Smith's "precision" compares favourably to the "vapid conversations and trite introductions to botany that have lately appeared". For the sake of women readers suggests that in his "Introduction to Botany" Smith accentuates the "peculiar" words so as to aid pronunciation.

Apologises again for apparent attacks on Smith in "Flora Scotia", which he will correct in the next edition; thanks for mention of botanical errors, but still differs on matters of opinion, including: does not agree about 'Salix', maintains criticism of "English botany" figure of 'Aquilegia vulgaris', cannot credit Smith for his work on 'Mentha' due to space, took his ideas on sexes of 'Tussilago' from multiple authors. Most hurt that Smith believes rumours that John Lindley [(1799-1865)] was the principal author, explains his involvement.

From Smith's paper on 'Hypnum recognitum' in "Linnean Transactions" vol 13 presumes he has not seen his own account of 'Hypnum recognitum' in "Flora Londinensis". Concedes he made an error respecting 'Rubus chamaemorus'.

Returns plates [for "Flora Graeca"] with his approval; unfortunate accident with drawing of 'Reseda alba', though it is only the first accident of the kind. Sowerby's name engraver is a "precious blockhead", wishes him to copy only what he writes. Instructions on use of capital letters.

Uncertain what sort of zoologists Sowerby is working with, "but most of them now are doing all they can to corrupt the science, splitting & subdividing without science or learning"; laments the mischief caused at the British Museum by [William Elford] Leach, "his labours [...] are only a monument of his insanity". Discusses 'Patella craniolaris' of Linnaeus. His late complaint of cholera "quite gone". Sends 10 drawings, 476-485.

He and James Backhouse found 'Woodsia hyperbora' growing near High Teesdale, Yorkshire, last summer. Was unable to find 'Cyathea dentata', though may have mistaken 'Woodsia hyperbora' for it. 'Cyathea fragilis', 'Asplenium viride', and 'A. trichomanes' grow there abundantly. Sending specimens of the 'Woodsia hyperbora'. Found 'Aspedium lobatum' in woods near Redcar, [Yorkshire].

Settles accounts with Smith, including from Gurney and [John] Latham. Smith will have to reduce 'Tilia' to three species, as Bicheno has found 'T. grandifolia', 'T. parvifolia', and 'T. europaea' in Stokenchurch Woods, proving duplication of species has occured in other works, including Ray and Dillenius; observations. Discussion of 'Rubus rhamnifolius'; glad Smith found [Robert] Brown "so correct", he has just returned from his trip to Italy "much pleased". [Alexander] Macleay is returned from Caithness with his lame son, fears he will always be a "cripple".

[Note in Bicheno's hand] confirms Forster's account of his discovery of three 'Tilia' species in Stokenchurch Woods.

Unable to provide Smith with specimens of the red-twigged lime, the original Kew plant of Smith's reference being dead some years and the substitute, having produced no fruit, is of doubtful accuracy, and herbariums of [Robert] Teesdale and the Gardens provide no examples. Sends specimens of New Holland plants collected by [Allan] Cunningham [(1791-1839), botanist and explorer] and parcel for Lady [Pleasance] Smith.

Thanks for botanical information in Smith's last letter, and for Smith's "friendly & affectionate manners". Unsure of [Joseph] Sabine's intentions in erroneously reporting John Lindley's [(1799-1865)] involvement in "Flora Scotia".

Discusses his proposed "Species plantarum" in English, which will neither be a translation of Candolle's "Prodromus" nor an entirely original work; details; will be able to profit from consulting Smith's "English Flora"; queries on terminology; encloses a specimen of the work; will not commence printing until his return from London and Paris in March.

Has not received Nepalese plants from [Nathaniel] Wallich except one collection sent 5 years ago, and now understands that the East India Company requires that they have the distribution of all the specimens, but he continues to receive mosses from Wallich. Pleased the Company sent Smith "so fine a parcel of ferns", thanks the 'Darea' from it, which he wishes to figure in his "Exotic flora". Encloses a "fern-like plant"; observations; wishes to name the genus after its discoverer, Mr Parker; asks if 'Pteris thalictroides' or 'Pteris cornuta' belong to same genus. He has established botanical correspondence with Demerara and St Vincent's; has mosses to send Smith; wishes to consult him about 'Orchideae', of which every new species forms a new genus.

Lists plants for his "Exotic flora", including 'Marcgravia umbellata', 'Cassytha filiformis', 'Cytinus hypocistus'; has two plates engraved of the nutmeg and two new 'Tillandsiae'; about to figure 'Artocarpus incisa' and 'A. integrifolia'. Discusses 'Lepraria iolithos'. Expects "great things" from the unexplored parts of North America, having sent two botanists to the north-west coast; one is to join Captain Franklin and return overland with him, and the other to explore the vicinity of the Columbia [River]; appointing a third to go with Captain Franklin and Dr Richardson on their expedition as far as Saskatchewan and to remain their two years; further details. [Francis] Hamilton and [Francis] Boott both enquired after Smith.

Royal Society Copley Medal awarded to Dr [John] Brinkley [(c 1763-1835), astronomer], the opponent of [John] Pond [(1767-1836), astronomer] as to the parallax of fixed stars. They [the Royal Society] cannot be accused of "any partiality to either of these great astronomers" though wishes that Pond's theory was right.

Reports that Mr Plumtree has become a member of the Athenaeum club, which now numbers 990; once 1000 has been reached members will be ballotted. [Aylmer Bourke] Lambert's parlour dog bit five of his household; the bitten parts were mostly cut out. Saw Sir Thomas Raffles [(1781-1826), founder of Singapore] yesterday; he looked as though he had not moved since they last saw him.

Invites Smith to lecture at the Bristol Institution next spring; requests terms. Smith can obtain plants for demonstration from nursery garden of Mr Miller, late of Sweets & Miller, just outside Bristol; his collection of hardy and tender exotic plants equals any for sale.

Happy to hear Smith has recovered from his "long and severe indisposition". Asks of probability of Smith being in London before May. Asks after [Francis Leggatt] Chantrey's [(1781-1841), sculptor] bust of Smith. Bishop of Carlisle [Samuel Goodenough] in London, has had a slight attack of gout. [Aylmer Bourke] Lambert unwell after one of his dogs went mad and bit three of his servants. Asks if Smith has seen new their new volume ["Linnean Transactions" vol 13 issue 2], which is "very thin" for want of matter. Asks if they are ever to receive any paper from Smith.

Happy to see Macleay's handwriting, does not complain of him "as of many people for forcing me to write letters, on w[hi]ch subject some people have no discretion". His "whole daylight" devoted to third volume of his "[English] Flora". His health much restored but lost most of his teeth, long account of his recent illness. "Letter-writing is incompatible with Flora-writing", recent progress. Intends to come to London in April or May [1825] after completing third volume. Complains of "puppies chattering about natural orders which they do not understand"; the more that has been done in botany the more mistakes he finds.

Hopes to make "some stay" in London, including sitting for [Francis Leggatt] Chantrey [(1781-1841), sculptor] and fulfilling his engagement of lecturing at the London Institution. [Robert] Brown the only writer he finds "most in the right"; now realises he has praised [Augustin] de Candolle too much, as he has made many errors.

Hopes Macleay favours [John] Frost's election as FLS.

Accepts invitation to lecture at Bristol Institution. Proposes that they begin after 13 June, following his London Institution lectures and completion of Linnean Society business; he is being paid 100 guineas for 10 lectures at London Institution; prefers to give 3 lectures a week; other requirements, including complimentary tickets. Warns that all is dependent on his "uncertain health", a residence in London frequently brings on his pulmonary inflammation.

Thanks for Smith's letter of 24 [November 1824], pleased to good account of his health. Unable to sign Mr Maund's nomination certificate for Linnean Society.

Pleased that he has presented Smith with a "new & important idea on the effects of a religious establishment"; he has been working on a now 500 page manuscript tract for 30 years, but considers himself "as good a Christian as any in Christendom".

Hopes to bring all his fungi to Norwich before Smith reaches them [in "English Flora"]; he has found hundreds of species since publishing first volume of his "Midland Flora", and [Robert Kaye] Greville, "in his admirable work", makes his descriptions too detailed to be followed.

Agrees with Smith that [William Jackson] Hooker "has rather mistaken the willows" ['Salix'], and thinks that "Flora Scotia" was rushed; points out errors. Has sent [Joseph] Sabine roses ['Rosa']; discussion of 'R. sabini' and 'R. mollis'; Sabine says the specimens he sent are both varities of 'R. doniana'.