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JDH thanks George Bentham for writing to him. The geography of plants is one of JDH's favourite subjects. JDH shares his observation that Leguminosae & Labiatae are completely un-represented in the flora of the Antarctic regions, which are far from barren. Scrophularinae by comparison are prominent. One such conspicuous genus in the Auckland Islands is Veronica, he describes the presence of a arborescent species, a sp. known as 'Sodjer Plant', & a blue flowered sp. he calls 'the most Antarctic'. In the Bay of Islands, New Zealand the Veronica are fruticose. V. decussata is common in Fuegia & Hermite Island & is the largest tree in the Falkland Islands, JDH describes its habit in each location. One of the only flowers JDH has seen in the Falklands is the indigenous Calceolaria fothergilli, also Gaudichaud's V. serpyllifolia. On Kerguelen Island there is a Limosellla which grows under ice & water similar to L. tenuifolia. Refers to Bentham moving to Herefordhsire, also his contribution to JOURNAL OF BOTANY. JDH recalls De Candolle asking why he was going to 'barren' Antarctica, JDH does not regret it but the plants he has collected have been hard won. His collections are strongest in Cryptogamia. Mentions the death of De Candolle senior & whether his son will continue his work. JDH praises Endlicher's work at Vienna & Lindley's ELEMENTS OF BOTANY, a more thoroughly illustrated manual would be useful to JDH who is slow at identifying plants. JDH would like to spend some time at home before botanizing in the tropics as Bentham suggests. Next the expedition cruises south again, then goes to the Cape of Good Hope & Rio de Janeiro. Speculates on what he will do once home; will work in his Father's herbarium & then travel again, maybe to the Society & Sandwich Islands [Hawaii] or the Himalayas. Mentions the Niger expedition, asks if Hind's plants from the New Hebrides [Vanuatu] are similar to Australian flora. Requests Bentham propose him for membership of the Athenaeum.

JDH thanks Mrs Mary Boott & her husband Dr Francis Boott for their letters. He associates the Boott's with his youngest sister Mary [Mary Harriet Hooker] who has died from consumption. He is glad to hear that his parents are in good health, he mentions a previous illness of his Father; Sir William Jackson Hooker. JDH is glad that Dr Boott is 'restored'. He is always glad to hear news of what is happening in London, especially in the arts, he comments specifically on the Chinese Exhibition at Hyde Park Corner, a cockney 'Skaiting' shop & skating trips to Margate. He discusses the formation of 'taste' regarding fine art, especially in the colonies where there are fewer example of good pictures. Whilst at sea JDH misses music & paintings, all their 'boxes' [accordions] are broken & the only music is his own whistling. Captain [James Clark] Ross remembers young Frank [Boott] from the Linnean Society. JDH is glad his descriptions of Antarctica entertained Mrs Boott, he explains that most of the time they are surrounded by a 'dreary waste of ice' sometimes enlivened by sights such as the erupting volcano Mt Erebus, the first sighting of which he recounts. He writes that to be an Antarctic voyager is to feel helpless, entirely dependent on a ship which is just a speck in a vast ice-scape. Since last writing JDH has been to Hermite Island near Cape Horn & to one of the Fuegian islands where he has found the winters mild compared to his expectations from the accounts of Joseph Banks & Dr Solander. He describes the cloudy atmosphere & luxuriant vegetation comparing it to the desolate Falkland Islands. Describes sailing under the cliff of Cape Horn which was covered in Fuegian Beeches. Describes the dramatic hills of Fuegia.

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JDH writes to Robert Brown about places he has botanised during the [Antarctica] expedition. Mentions Madeira & Tenerife briefly. Describes St Jago flora as tropical vegetation in oases on sandy plains. Notes the Palma Christi bushes, a Anasnaceae[?], European vegetation in the Valley of San Domingo, a Lotus Campanala asphidium & an interesting Umbeliferous plant probably also in Christian Smith's collections. Arrived at Christmas Harbour, Kerguelen's Land in winter, 12 May [1840]. Describes the island, climate & the distribution of flora, noting: a water plant of genus Chara, Conferva, mosses, marsh grass sp. of Juncus, Halorageaceae & Portulacea. Also details distribution of fungi, lichens, Jungermannia, Musci, Filices, Graminea, Compositae, Portulacae, Umbellifera, Rubiaceae, Rosaceae, Caryophylleae, Ranunculaceae & an unknown Bulliarda. All plants are very hardy in the snow. Letter continues dated 28 Nov 1842 addressed from HMS 'Erebus', Berkeley Sound, East Falklands. JDH explains that the letter has been unfinished for 2 years as he was disappointed in the St Helena collections to go with it. He fears his 'out of season' collections from the Kerguelen, Auckland & Hermite Islands are inferior to those of King's ship, Darwin, D' Urville & Cook's naturalist Anderson. Sir John Franklin & Gunn asked after Brown. In Van Diemen's Land [Tasmania] & New Zealand JDH collected orchids for Brown incl. a Freycinetia. Discusses: Kerguelen Cabbage, Chilean Misidendron[?] from Hermite Island, British Museum plants from Macquarie & Royal Company's Islands. Describes geology of Emerald Island. Will send Brown Falklands plants. Expedition goes south to the ice then to Cape of Good Hope & Rio de Janeiro. JDH intends to focus on Cryptogammia. Mentions classification of Gunnera, article on fossil wood in TASMANIAN JOURNAL, the Macleay's garden & the loss of Menzies. Colenso will send Brown NZ fossil woods. Thanks Brown for proposing him at the Linnean Society & Athenaeum.

JDH thanks Francis Boott for writing to him, he was particularly glad to hear Boott's account of the health of his father, Sir William Jackson Hooker. JDH thinks that WJH's new position as Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew will be a positive change for his health, with increased time outside walking. JDH also thanks Boott for sending him a letter from Lady Smith, who JDH remembers meeting at his grandfather's years before. He will copy Smith's letter & return the original to Boott from the Cape of Good Hope. JDH is pleased that Boott is still studying Carices as the genus Carex is important in most Antarctic countries, he asks if Boott has made any observations on its geographical distribution. JDH gives some figures for the comparative occurrence of Cyperaceae to Gramineae in New Zealand, The Falkland Islands, Spitzbergen, Auckland Island, Kerguelen Islands, Campbell Island, & Australia & comments that the descending scale for the southern regions is in perfect accordance with what would be expected from their position & climate. But, this information is confidential as all botanical findings from the expedition are only meant to be communicated through the Lord Commissioners. At Hermite Island JDH found 1 possible Carex & an Uncinia. He was given a plant believed to be Tussac by the Governor [of the Falkland Islands, Richard Clement Moody] but it proved to be Carex trifida, which is eaten by cattle along with Tussac grass. JDH collected some new species in New Zealand & Van Diemen's Land [Tasmania]. He has not heard any botanical results from the American Antarctic Squadron but has high hopes from accounts of them at the Bay of Islands. JDH comments on the 'right of search question' & states that it should not effect botanical correspondence, in his opinion. JDH & Captain Ross send their regards to Boott & his family.

JDH writes that he is sending this note to his father, William Jackson Hooker, with 'Erebus' Seaman Richard Baxter, who has been invalided home. He asks WJH to assist Baxter if he asks. Baxter has been particularly kind to JDH, helping him when he was wet or cold. Baxter has not been in the Navy long enough to claim any benefits. He is not a drunk, his disease is 'organic'. JDH describes Baxter's physical appearance to WJH in a postscript.

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