Tuesday morning
My dear Mrs Pollock,
I sent you a few lines from Keswick2 just before starting with Mr Huxley over Derwentwater3 & through Borrodale.4 While passing I thought it just possible that I might see Mrs Spedding.5 I went to Greta Bank6 but the hour was too early. We had a most pleasant day in Borrodale—the colouring is so tender & beautiful and the former so fine. Nor had I until this visit any adequate idea of the magnitude of the ancient glacier action of the region. We crossed Borrodale to Buttermere7 by Honister Crag8 and next day went to Scale Force.9 Instead of returning to Buttermere and crossing Scarf Gap10 we went up the mountain and worked round Red Pike,11 mostly in the midst of driving fog, which to me is detestable. I have no bump of locality and am therefore bewildered by a fog. Nevertheless we crossed the mountain and dropped down its craggy sides into Ennerdale.12 Thence over Black Sail to Wastwater.13 Here we stayed two days—for the most part wet ones—I climbed the pillar mountains and endeavoured to climb the pillar rock,14 but the driving rain & cloud & the wet slippy crags were too much for me. You might break your neck very respectably on the Pillar Rock. I hardly ever was amid such a commotion of the elements, such gloom and such wild pelting rain as on the summit of this mountain. Had I not luckily borrowed a compass I do not know how I should have escaped from it. I should certainly have found myself in the wrong valley after my descent. We found a party of gallant young Cambridge men at Wastdale head15 & amid drenching rain and intermittent gleams of sun crossed by Borofell to Langdale.16 There are beautiful snatches of scenery on the way. Huxley quitted me at Windermere17 and came to London greatly improved in health, while I went on to Newcastle18 purposing to spend two days there—But the entertainment at Armstrong’s19 was so regal and the company so excellent that I was induced to remain the whole week. Thence Dr. Bence Jones and myself went on to Alnwick Castle20 and remained three days there. It is a magnificent place, but for a bird of the mountain like myself a less stately lodging would be more suitable. The Duke and Duchess21 however were exceedingly kind—the Duchess especially so—She has always been genial towards me. From Alnwick we went to Chillingham to Lord Tankerville’s22—Sir Wm. Armstrong,23 Professor Owen & Mr Gould24 were of our party. I stalked the wild castle with Owen & had a capital view of the herd. They smelt us and became uneasy, and finally set off at full gallop like buffaloes over a prairie. Zigzagging up a hill so as to give us a famous view of their motions. The same evening I tried deerstalking, but though I might have shot a couple of does the fine antlered bucks kept away from me. We spent the best of two very joyous days at Chillingham—They are wonderfully frank and pleasant people. Bence Jones and myself returned to York, and there parted company, he going to London and I intending to go to Ireland.25 It happened to be on the day of that wild gale, so when I reached Stockport26 the thought of the storm so sickened me that I swerved from my route to Chester27 & came on to London.
I am now hard at work—horribly entangled in a magnetic question through which I do not yet see my way. I was yesterday informed that you were at Freshwater28 and thither I send this. Give my love to your husband29 and the boys30 & believe me
Yours as ever | John Tyndall.
I intend to rush down to Abury31 next Sunday to see the Druidical remains. I should very much like to take a rush down to Plumbleys32 while you are in the neighbourhood. A walk over that “noble down” would be refreshing—
RI MS JT/1/T/1183
RI MS JT/1/TYP/6/2126–7
[3 September 1863]: the date is given by the reference to Newcastle as Tyndall attended the BAAS meeting at Newcastle Upon Tyne, which began on 26 August 1863. The Tuesday following the meeting was 3 September 1863. Tyndall had already written to Juliet Pollock before the meeting about where he had been exploring (see letter 2027).
a few lines from Keswick: letter missing. Keswick is a market town and civil parish in the Lake District.
Derwentwater: one of the largest lakes in the Lake District just south of Keswick.
Borrodale: or Borrowdale, a valley and civil parish in the Lake District.
Mrs Spedding: probably Sarah Spedding (see letter 1936, n. 16).
Greta Bank: see letter 1936, n. 4.
Buttermere: a lake and village in the Lake District.
[Honister] Crag: a high crag in the Lake District, above Honister Pass.
Scale Force: near Buttermere, the highest waterfall in the Lake District.
Scarf Gap: Scarth Gap, a pass between Buttermere and Ennerdale.
Red Pike: a 2,476 ft mountain in the High Stile range in the western Lake District, which separates Ennerdale from the valley of Buttermere and Crummock Water.
Ennerdale: a scenic and somewhat remote valley in the Lake District.
over Black Sail to Wastwater: Black Sail is a mountain pass separating Wasdale from Buttermere; Wastwater is a ribbon lake formed by glacial erosion and is the deepest of the lakes in the region.
pillar mountains and endeavoured to climb the pillar rock: Pillar is a mountain in the Lake District, above Ennerdale, and Pillar Rock is a large rocky outcrop on its northern side. By this date, it had not been climbed very often.
Wastdale head: Wasdale Head, the area in upper Wasdale including a small scattered hamlet in the Lake District, surrounded by some of the country’s highest mountains.
Borofell to Langdale: probably Bowfell, one of the mountains above the Langdale valley.
Windermere: see letter 2027, n. 4.
I went on to Newcastle: see n. 1.
Armstrong’s: William Armstrong.
Alnwick Castle: a castle and stately home in Alnwick in the English county of Northumberland. It is the seat of the Duke of Northumberland.
Duke and Duchess: Algernon Percy (1792–1865), 4th Duke of Northumberland and Eleanor Percy (1820–1911), Duchess of Northumberland.
to Chillingham to Lord Tankerville’s: Charles Bennet (1810–99), 6th Earl of Tankerville, a Conservative politician and peer. He and Tyndall were good friends. Chillingham Castle is a medieval castle in the village of Chillingham in the northern part of Northumberland, England.
Sir Wm. Armstrong: William Armstrong.
Mr Gould: John Gould (1804–81), a British ornithologist and publisher (ODNB).
intending to go to Ireland: see letter 2025, n. 8.
Stockport: a town near Manchester, en route from where he was to the west coast of England where he had planned to travel over to Ireland, probably from Holyhead.
Chester: a town southwest of Stockport.
Freshwater: a large village on the western coast of the Isle of Wight.
your husband: William Frederick Pollock.
the boys: Frederick, Walter, and Maurice Pollock.
Abury: or Avebury, a Neolithic henge monument in Wiltshire in southwest England.
Plumbleys: either a reference to the Plumley family who lived in Newport on the Isle of Wight, or Plumbly’s Freshwater Bay Hotel in the village of Freshwater Bay, Isle of Wight (near the town of Freshwater where Pollock was staying).
Please cite as “Tyndall2031,” in Ɛpsilon: The John Tyndall Collection accessed on