To William Hooker   18 June 1856

Main Camp on the Victoria River,

18 June 1856

Sir William,

Prepared to leave in Mr Gregory's party this camp again within a few days, I am anxious to avail myself of the only opportunity, which might offer itself before our return to the settlements on the eastern coast, of laying before you a short account of the principle results of my botanical labours in North- and Central- Australia. Perhaps I flattered myself too much, when I thought the information, which I gained of the botany of this part of the globe important enough, to arrange it roughly for an early communication, but I am well aware, Sir William, that yourself and many of your scientific friends are watching with intense interest the progress of phytological knowledge of Australia, and moreover of these remote and untrotten parts of the country. I have therefore with Mr Gregory's permission collected some of the principle notes for this letter, and appended to it the description of 12 new genera and 25 n. sp., which to me at least appeared to be extremely interesting.¹

You will be aware, that I am under the restriction of retaining all information for the Government, and if you therefore think any of my observations important enough for early publication, it will require the sanction of the secretary of State for the Colonies, which in all likelihood will be easily obtained, as I refrain from all general information on the results of the expedition, since Mr Gregory's official reports will reach simultaneously with this letter England. I only state, and am proud to do so, that I with one of our best men was selected to push with the two Messrs Gregory² into Central Australia; and I perform a pleasing duty, when I thankfully acknowledge on this occasion, that Mr Gregory has not only given me all the opportunities, which the expedition afforded for promoting my objects, but gave me also liberty to make the best of my time during our stay on this camp, so that I was enabled to examine here the greater part of those plants, which I had not yet analyzed during the progress of our travels.

Thus I have written the diagnostic of more than 300 sp. and about 20 genera, either new to the Flora of Australia or imperfectly known and in most instances the diagnosis is accompanied by a detailed description. You will be surprised to see the accompaniing article headed by Adansonia Gregorii! The Gouty-Stem-tree of All. Cunn. and Capt. Stokes is a true Adansonia in every point, and who deserves more to have his name attached to that best plant disclosed by this expedition, than our leader?, to whose prudence skill and perseverance not only the general and geographical results of the expedition are d[ue] but also the success of the labours of all his followers.

I am at present unable to give an accurate account of the real number of species collected, but I believe they do not exceed 800 species, exclusive of what has been obtained on the eastern coast, a number to be considered scanty in the extreme, if we consider the actual extent of the lines of our explorations, which fall scarcely short of 3000 miles. The want of changes in the geological formation throughout the country which we traversed may partially account for the paucity of plants, whilst on the other hand the whole tract is devoid of a mountainous flora, since real mountains do not exist, and the highest point of the dividing tableland between the Victoria River and Sturts Creek is according to Mr Gregory['s] calculations not elevated more than 166[0'] We met only on one locality a small Granit[e] ridge, which yielded a few remarkable plant[s,] amongst them the strange Erythrina biloba. The principle geological features are sandstone of the carboniferous series, which forms the table land, and basaltic plains and ridges[;] nor is it likely, that the geological formation of the country will contribute to the richdom of its Flora until we leave the Gulf of Carpentaria, between which and Moreton Bay in all likelihood the principle harvest of plants will be reaped.

Impossible as it is to send at present extensive copies of my writings home, I will endeavour to furnish you with a hasty review of my notes. Amongst Thalamiflorae occur two sp. of Ionidium new to Australia (I. purpureum & aurantiacum)³ of Cissus also 2 sp, as I have been obliged to refer the Vitis mentioned by Capt Stokes (C. acida)⁴ also to this genus. Of Capparis I have three sp. of Cleome also 3, one having pink flowers and the habit of an oxalis (C. flava C. tetrandra C. oxalidea) Sapindaceae comprise Cardiospermum, several fine new Dodonaeas and a new genus, Distichostemon, allied to Dodonaea. Zygophylleae are even in the interior destitute of the genus, which forms the type of the order, but I discovered a new Tribulus (T. ranunculiflorus) remarkable for having 1-2 seeded carpels, so that with its upper leaves alternate it comes into close contact with Tribulopsis, which furnished a beautiful new sp., Tribulopsis heteranthera,⁵ advancing the genus again to 3 sp, since T. angustifolia has been reduced to T. Solandri, which with T. pentandra is very common even in the interior. Tribulus acanthococcus has been also seen, like Drosera angustifolia from the Murray. D. petiolaris is common and occasionally accompanied by other sp. of which one produces beautifully blue petals. Polygala, mentioned by R. Br.⁶ as existing in the tropics of Australia, is represented by 3 or 4 sp. distinct from the southern one, but Comesperma is wanting or at least not found. Corchorus & Triumfetta both with 4 sp. augment their small order considerably in Australian Botany.⁷ One sp. of Triumfetta (T. plumigera) is remarkable for not woody capsules and long plumose setae of the fruit, which characters may entitle it to generic distinction. Dr Steetz excellent paper on Australian Buettneriaceae⁸ will recieve a supplement in 1 sp. of Seringa,⁹ 1 sp of Melochia!,¹⁰ 1 sp of Melhania,¹¹ 1 sp of Rulinga,¹² 1 sp of Waltheria, mentioned by All. Cunningham, and one of Ridleya. Malvaceae form a predominant family with many Spec. of Sida & Hibiscus, one species of the former genus Sida (Abutilon) leucopetala having fine white flowers. Gossypium Australe is common as far as we went, and a Abelmoschus (A. albo-ruber) differs from Ab. splendens. A new Southwellia¹³ has quadrifid flowers, and also 2 sp. of Brachychiton have been seen.¹⁴ Of Methorium I met one sp.,¹⁵ of Frankenia 1, of Boronia 3,¹⁶ of Polycarpaea 4, of Hemistemma 1, of Hibbertia several, of Thouinia 1, of Pittosporum 1,¹⁷ of Elaeocarpus 1, With Cochlospermum heteroneurum, Pachynema complanatum, Nympaea coerulea Caraba¹⁸ Moluccensis & 3 sp. of Melia I conclude the remarks on Thalamiflorae as far as they are examined.

Amongst Calyciflorae I noticed 2 sp of Trianthema,¹⁹ 1 of Sesuvium, 5 of Portulaca including the cosmopolitan spec. which proved exceedingly beneficial to us,²⁰ 2 sp of Calandrinia,²¹ 2 of Mollugo, Glinus lotoides and a new genus amongst Portulacea.²² Euphorbiaceae are not so numerous as might be expected, comprising several Phyllanthi, 4 sp. of Euphorbia, 1 of Rottlera, 1 of Lepto[nema]²³ and two new genera, besides a few plants unexamined and Adriana acerifolia.

Of Myrtaceae, I saw a new Lhotzkya (L. cuspidata)²⁴ 3 sp. of Calycothrix,²⁵ 1 sp of Verticordia (V. scariosa) 1 of Baekea, 1 of Kunzea?, about 12 Eucalypti including E. rostrata,²⁶ 4 sp. of Melaleuca,²⁷ 2 sp of Tristania,²⁸ 1 sp of Jambosa,²⁹ and a new genus (Xanthostemon) which requires yet to be compared with your Backhousia, of which I have no diagnosis at hand. Barringtonia shows here 2 splendid species,³⁰ Melastoma 1, Osbeckia 1, Haloragis 3 including H. glauca & H. aspera.³¹ Umbelliferae³² are reduced to 3 sp, two of them form a most remarkable genus, Hemicarpus, having only 1 mericarp developed; the third spec is of the appearance of a Sison and bore on the solitary place where it was seen neither flowers nor fruits.³³ Lythraceae are more numerous in Australia than was expected comprehending 4 sp either of Ammannia or Rotala,³⁴ 1 new genus (Calopeplis) allied to Lythrum and Peplis.³⁵ Of Cucurbitaceae I found 1 Luffa, 1 beautiful Trichosanthes, 2 sp of Cucurbita of which one (C. jucunda) yield eatable fruits, and a unexamined genus. Dr. Leichhardt speaks of several other Cucurbitaceae, which I have evidently not yet met with.³⁶ Of Stackhousieae occurs but 1 sp. Leguminosae form the largest order of all with about a dozend Acacias, including A dimidiata, delibrata,³⁷ lycopodifolia. 8 Cassias all distinct from those in the South, one having only 3 or 4 flowers (C. oligandra)³⁸ a second and very marked species of Petalogyne (Petalostigma R. Br. non Griesebach)³⁹ which I named P. cassioides,⁴⁰ Abrus precatorius, Inga moniliformis, Bauhinia Leichhardtii, Erythrina Vespertilio, Erythrina biloba n. sp., a splendid Agati with white flowers 2" long and pods often more than 2' long, Sesbania Australasica, and two other species, one very large with pink flowers, Vigna 1 sp, Desmodium 3 sp, Lourea 1 sp, Dicerma⁴¹ 1 sp. Rhynchosia 1 sp, Indigofera 8 sp one being monospermous, Psoralina⁴² belonging also to the genus, Crotalaria 9 sp, one seemingly C. verrucosa, with blue flowers, an other with large green flowers; Zornia 3 sp,⁴³ distinct from Z. dictyocarpa, Leptocyamus at least 1 sp, Tephrosia several sp Aeschynomene 1 sp Atylosia 2 sp. Daviesia egena, Bossiaea 1 sp,⁴⁴ Jacksonia 2 sp and 2 excellent new genera: Nematophyllum and Oxycladium. Many of my Leguminosae are not yet examined. Amongst Loranthaceae are charming plants, and I have described their vivid colours from living specimens; one has green flowers.⁴⁵ Onagreae are reduced to 1 sp of Ludwigia and 2 sp of Jussiaea. Amongst Rubiaceae I have done little else than to ascertain that the Sarcocephalus mentioned by Dr Leichhardt is a splendid large arboreus Morinda, which I named after my unfortunate countryman,⁴⁶ that 2 Gardenias,⁴⁷ 4 Hedyotis sp⁴⁸ 4 Spermacoce exists;⁴⁹ the unexamined rest contains Psychotricha⁵⁰ and some genera not noticed by Cunningham, having on the other hand not all those seen, which he enumerates. Rhamnaceae & Celastrineae are very scarce. The former include Zizyphus melastomoides All. Cunn.⁵¹ I was greatly disappointed to see in the desert so little of my favourite order, the Composites, altho' I presumed that the would vanish greatly in the coast tract. Having dissected all of them I give the enumeration: Calotis allied to C. breviseta,⁵² Wedelia 1 sp.⁵³ Wollastonia 1 sp Vernonia cinerea, Sphaeranthus megacephalus n.sp. Eurybia brachycomoides n.sp. Pluchea erigeroides n.sp.⁵⁴ Blumea Cunninghami, B. integrifolia, B. senecionidea, a fine tall species with all flowers fertile forming a new subgenus Asteira,⁵⁵ Spilanthes Australis,⁵⁶ Flaveria Australasica, Bidens sp, Glossogyne tenuifolia, Diodontium filifolium, an excellent new genus of Verbesineae, Eurybiopsis macrorrhiza,⁵⁷ Myriogyne minuta, Sphaeromorphaea petiolaris, Therogeron integerrimus, Rhodanthemum minus and odoratum;⁵⁸ a new genus close to Vittadinia, Monenteles 2 sp. Gnaphalium luteo-album, Helichrysum bracteatum, Chrysocephalum sp. H spathulifolium n.sp. H. leptorrhynchoides⁵⁹ n.sp., Coleocoma Centaurea:⁶⁰ a interesting n. g. of Centaurineae. — Sonchus & Senecio are wanting! — Stylidium has been augmented by 9 new sp, of which it was advantageous to describe them minutely from fresh specimens. Styl. rotundifolium & St. alsinoides have also been seen. Lobelia comprises 2 n. sp. Of Goodeniaceae⁶¹ I shall be able to add to Prof de Vrieses new work:⁶² I found about 20 sp. of which Scaevola Koenigii, revoluta & ovalifolia, Calogyne pilosa, Goodenia purpurascens, mollis & hispida are described by R Br. The rest contains Goodenias, some of great beauty, Scaevolas, 1 Velleya and 1 Lechenaultia.⁶³ One Scaevola is remarkable for having yellow flowers and exactly the appearance of a Goodenia, but a quadrilocular drupe.⁶⁴ Convolvulaceae⁶⁵ are as numerous as might be expected, but yielded little new (2 or 3 sp of Ipomoea) Of Brownian sp I found: Convolvulus multivalvis, Ipomoea denticulata, eriocarpa, alata, longiflora, heterophylla, dissecta, gracilis, pannosa, erecta, hederacea, incisa, all the 3 sp of Breweria, Evolvulus, which seem to belong to one⁶⁶ polymorphous species, and one or two Polymerias,⁶⁷ also Cressa Cretica. Ipomoea biflora is a var of I. erecta. Apocyneae contain: Parsonsia velutina, Balfouria saligna, Carissa ovata & lanceolata & Strychnos lucida. Of Sapoteae I have only Sarsalisia sericea,⁶⁸ of Campanulaceae: Wahlenbergia gracilis, of Myrsineae Aegiceras fragrans, of Ebenaceae Maba ovata & Diospyros rugosula, of Jasmineae Jasm. divaricatum & J. molle. Myoporinae⁶⁹ & Verbenaceae are very interesting: the former are augmented by Eremophila tuberculata n. sp & Pholidia stenochiloides n.sp.⁷⁰ I saw also Myoporum tenuifolium & Stenochilus longifolius & maculatus. The latter order proved to add a Avicennia distinct from the southern sp to the Australian Flora, 2 new sp. of Vitex (V. cardiophylla & triphylla)⁷¹ besides V. ovata, a Lippia, a new Pithyrodia⁷² (P. exsucca) and a fine new genus from Central Australia, which I beg to name Newcastelia, to evince my gratitude to the exertions of his Grace the Duke of Newcastle, in behalf of the North Australian Expedition.⁷³ Off all the Brownian plants I saw only Clerodendron inerme, Vitex ovata & Callicarpa adenophora.⁷⁴ Labiatae are vastly at the decrease. I found only a new Teucrium, Anisomeles salvifolia, Mentha Australis! 2 Plectranthi not enumerated in the prodromus,⁷⁵ Pl. moschatus, of which Pl. parviflorus R Br (non W) is a var. — Borragineae contain a new tetrandrous genus with lobed leaves (Lobophyllum tetrandrum) Halgania solanacea n.sp. Heliotrop. diversifolium n.sp. H. pimeloides n.sp. H. ventricosum, H. paniculatum, fasciculatum, tenuifolium, ovalifolium.⁷⁶ Trichodesma Zeelanicum⁷⁷ and an Ehretia. The small genus Josephinia is increased by 1 sp.⁷⁸ Bignoniaceae recieved to Spathodea heterophylla a new one (S. nematophylla)[.]⁷⁹ Acanthaceae contain Nelsonia campestris, 3 sp. of Adenosma, 1 of Dicliptera,⁸⁰ Hygrophila angustifolia, 1 sp of Rostellularia, Hypoestes floribunda. Asclepiadeae contain 2 very distinct new⁸¹ Gymnemas, a new Cynanchum,⁸² Microstemma tuberosum, Oxystelma carnosum, Sarcostemma Australe, Secamone ovata, Gymnanthera nitida, Cynanchum pedunculatum and a few unexamined plants. Scrophulariniae yielded a yellow Mimulus, Buchnera asperata, curviflora, parviflora, Centranthera hispida, Lindernia scapigera, alsinoides, and 2 sp of a genus which differs only⁸³ from Lindernia in being diandrous, Morgania glabra, pubescens, a Gratiola, Herpestis floribunda, Limnophila gratioloides, Microcarpaea muscosa, and a genus which differs solely from Peplidium in one celled anthers. Solana are not unfrequent, S. echinatum & biflorum I recognize with certainty amongst them, the latter is distinct from my S. pulchellum — Physalis parviflora is rare, Leichhardts Datura has not yet been seen.⁸⁴ Gentianeae contain besides Orthostemon Erythraea and Limnanthemum crenatum, geminatum & nymphaeifolium, a new pygmeous sp. of the latter genus with small white flowers (L. minimum) and a host of Mitrasacmes which are with exception of M. ramosa, laricifolia, prolifera, elata, stellata (with yellow flowers) new.⁸⁵ Utricularia has 4 sp here U. chrysantha!. U. exoleta, U. azurea, n.sp.⁸⁶ U. fulva n.sp., the latter resembles more a orchideous⁸⁷ plant than anything else. Plumbagineae have Aegialitis annulata & Plumbago Zeelanica.⁸⁸ None of the Monochlamydeous Orders is here extensive, which I regret particularly with regard to Proteaceae; of which I have seen the following Persoonia falcata, Banksia tomentosa,⁸⁹ Grevillea Goodii, G. Dryandri, G. chrysodendron, G. heliosperma, G. refracta, G. leucodendron, G. mimosoides, G. striata, G. agrifolia, G. angulata, Hakea longifolia, H. arborescens, and a new spec. allied to the former.⁹⁰ Grevillea yielded only 2 new sp. which with the first Helicia found in Australia I have described in the next pages,⁹¹ in order, if you would show me the kindness, that Profess. Meisner might insert them yet in the appendix of his monograph.⁹² I did the same with a new Pimelea which with a blood red sp perhaps P Punicea represent alone Thymelieae.⁹³ Laurineae are reduced to one sp of Gyrocarpus & Cassyta,⁹⁴ Olacinae⁹⁵ to O. aphylla. Santalaceae contain S. lanceolatum, which has black fruits, Exocarpus latifolia and Anthobolus filifolius. Chenopodeae⁹⁶ are much rarer as I expected even in the saline parts of the desert, but some of the sp are new as of Anisacantha and Kentropsis,⁹⁷ a remarkable little Blitum. I saw farther Salsola Australis, of which S. macrophylla seems to me a var, Halocnemum Australe,⁹⁸ H. Indicum?, Arthrocnemum Arbuscula, the Mitchellian Kochias,⁹⁹ Enchylaena tomentosa,¹⁰⁰ Rhagodia hastata, Chenopodium auricomum?, Rhagodia sp. The Amaranthaceae I have been unable to determine all having Moquins excellent memoir not at hand;¹⁰¹ there are several Euxolus sp. Trichinium incanum! T. nobile, T. gracile, T. distans, T. Preissii, Ptilotus corymbus¹⁰² and 2 other sp. of which one is remarkable for opposite leaves, Gomphrena several sp.¹⁰³ Alternanthera denticulata, which is I think not to be distinguished from A. nodiflora, also a little erect sp., Achyranthes Australis which passes gradually in¹⁰⁴ A. canescens. Polygonum Cunninghami¹⁰⁵ is very common on the half saline banks of the Vict. Riv., as also in many places of the interior, besides which only an other sp of Polygonum occurs. Nyctagineae show only 1 Boerhavia¹⁰⁶ but this so polymorphous, that I should not be surprised to see it under 6 names in the collections; it is often pentandrous. Of Cycas I saw C. media, of Conifereae 1 Callitris, of Casuarina 1 of Ficus 5 species. But is it not extraordinar that in all my travelling here I met only 2 spec Orchideae? Cymbidium canaliculatum, and a Dipodium distinct from D. punctatum.¹⁰⁷ Equally startling it must appear that even on the shady moist banks of this noble river, or on its fine cataracts, well overhung with ferns hardly any mosses, or lichens, exist! I saw only one single Hypnum, allied to H. cupressiforme & H. Muelleri in fruit! and the sterile sp do not amount to more than 5 or 6. With exception of Grasses all Monocotyledoneous Orders are comparatively limited. I have Seaforthia elegans, Livistonia inermis, Caesia gilva n. sp.¹⁰⁸ Chlorophytum xerotinum n. sp. Thysanotus chrysantherus n.sp.¹⁰⁹ Asparagus fasciculatus, 3 new sp of Haemodorum, Xyris laevis, X. paludosa, and a new one, a Typhonium,¹¹⁰ which forms a subgenus distinct from Sauratium, several Eriocaulons, one Triglochin, Crinum angustifolium, Pandanus pedunculatus, and a spec with free drupes, which if distinct from the Indian kinds may be called P. aquaticus, as it indicates and lines permanent water,¹¹¹ and has been introduced as "Waterpandanus" in Dr Leichhardts work.¹¹² — Tacca pinnatifida is common — Najas Indica, Potamogeton natans, a Ledobauria! and a new Alisma (A. acanthocarpum) remarkable for a limited number of thorny carpels are our waterplants. Typha 1 sp. Dioscorea bulbifera; Anguillaria Indica, Cartonema spicatum, Aneilema anthericoides, Cyanotis sp! n. (C. canaliculata)¹¹³ Commelyna undulata and a sp. not described by R Br. Flagellaria Indica and one Desvauxia comprise the rest of Monocotyledoneae with the exception of Cyperoideae and Grasses. Of the latter I can only say, that to our horses delight they prove next Leguminosae to be the largest Order in this part of Australia! and contain a good deal new, for instance two undescribed Anthistirias¹¹⁴ 2 new Cenchrus sp,¹¹⁵ several at least in Australia unknown Andropogons. Neurachne, Oryza, Lappago & Glyceria seem formerly unnoticed within the Tropics of Australia. Recognized I have Sporobolus Indicus, pulchellus, a sp. of Perotis, several Aristidas, Poa polymorpha, P. tenella, Triodia pungens, Arundo Phragmites, Eriachne squarrosa, glauca, avenacea,¹¹⁶ capillaris, Pappophorum pallidum, P. purpurascens, Triraphis pungens, T. mollis,¹¹⁷ Ectrosia¹¹⁸ leporina, E. spadicea, Dactyloctenium sp. Chloris several species including Chl. Moorei, Cynodon tenellus, C. Polystachyos, Milium sp. Paspalum orbiculare [a] n.sp., Panicum gracile, argenteum, P. holosericeum, P. Crus Galli,¹¹⁹ P. semialatum, P. decompositum, P. laevinode, P. papposum, P. spinescens and several which I consider new.¹²⁰

Xerochloa sp. Thuarea¹²¹ sp Spinifex longifolius, Anthistiria australis, Andropogon intermedius, bombycinus,¹²² fragilis, citreus, Erianthus irritans, E. fulvus, Imperata arundinacea, Ischaemum rottboellioides and other sp., Rottboellia formosa, Ophiurus corymbosus and a second sp. Amongst Cyperoideae is a Scirpus, new for the Australian flora, several Cyperi, Hypaelyptum microcephalum, Fuirena glomerata, Isolepis barbata, Heleocharis compacta, H. capitata, about 20 Fimbristylis sp., which I have all minutely described, as the greater part is new,¹²³ Abildgaardia sp., Rhynchospora longisetis,¹²⁴ Scleria margaritifera, S. pygmaea. I am sorry to state, that I shall be unable to contribute much to your collections of ferns, as they are your particular favourites. I have collected Marsilea, what I consider M. quadrifolia in numerous forms, Schizaea bifida (very rare) Blechnum striatum, Nephrodium propinquum, Acrostichum fraxinifolium, Platyzoma microphyllum, Gleichenia microphylla, G. Hermanni, Notochlaena vellea, Cheilanthes tenuifolia, Pteris umbrosa, a Ophioglossum and a Lycopodium both undescribed in R Br work. Fungi, at least the larger kinds, are very rare indeed.¹²⁵

I might have extended this summary much farther, but in the hope, that it will convey to you a general idea of the flora of this part of the globe, I shall close it here, praying you will excuse its hasty compilation, as the greater part is written at night time. I reckon to be able to add between this and the Gulf of Carpentaria 100 n.sp. to the collection, altho' the auctumn season is unfavourable. At all events I shall be able to add to my notes and to increase the collections of seeds. The greatest harvest I can expect to reap between the Gulf of Carpentaria and Moreton Bay, provided that Mr Gregory is able to increase his party to such a number, that I can enter again — I believe that we shall require 3 months to reach the Albert River, and we will start to morrow. Our party consists of Mr A. Gregory, Mr H. Gregory, Mr Elsey, 3 men and myself. I have for my share to attend to 5 horses, which I have of course to saddle and to pack, which is but a fair and necessary arrangement as actually every individual is only attending thus to the conveyance of the means of his subsistence and his comforts. Should circumstances frustrate our meeting the vessel, we might then be expected to reach under the protection of providence Moreton Bay, or some part of the eastern settlements, in 8 or 9 months. Considering this emergency our equipment is as light as possible, to enable us thus to carry the greatest quantity of food (flour, [rice] saltpork, tea and sugar) possible; I could therefore not convey more than half a reem of light paper. I was under similar necessary restrictions, when we pushed into Central Australia, as we might have been cut off from our retreat like Capt Sturt, for many months; the consequence is that the number of specimens brought from the interior is but limited, and I regret to say, that many are in a sad condition, many having been carried more than 1500 miles on horseback. I only hope, that after having escaped narrowly soaking in fording the water courses at various times, they will safely reach their destination.

Before I close this letter I have to ask a great favour, Sir William, namely, if I find other circumstances not adverse, to be permitted to take myself the collections home to England for description. My review of Crotalaria and other genera has proved to me sufficiently, that I ought to compare the Indian plants before I can safely establish Australian species, in many cases. One year and a half at home would be sufficient for this purpose, if you would your well known liberality extend towards me and open me your collections, and I think the Government might at least give me a free passage, since I have not been under any expense to them previous to my arrival in Sydney. This home journey would also give me the opportunity to publish the Flora of Australia felix and South Australia, for which I might consider my materials almost complete. How delightful it would be to me to express personally my veneration to you!

Mr Baines desires to be remembered to yourself and to the famous Dr Burchell, and I wish that you Sir William, as well as Drs Hooker and Harvey and Mr Latrobe will retain in kind remembrance your most obedient and devoted

Ferd Mueller.¹²⁶

I hope you recieved my box with specimens, send via Singapore, to the Secretary of State.

Abelmoschus albo-ruber

Abelmoschus splendens

Abildgaardia

Abrus precatorius

Abutilon leucopetala

Acacia delibrata

Acacia dimidiata

Acacia lycopodifolia

Acanthaceae

Achyranthes Australis

Achyranthes canescens

Acrostichum fraxinifolium

Adansonia Gregorii

Adenosma

Adriana acerifolia

Aegialitis annulata

Aegiceras fragrans

Aeschynomene

Agati

Alisma acanthocarpum

Alternanthera denticulate

Alternanthera nodiflora

Amaranthaceae

Ammannia

Andropogon bombycinus

Andropogon citreus

Andropogon fragilis

Andropogon intermedius

Aneilema anthericoides

Anguillaria Indica

Anisacantha

Anisomeles salvifolia

Anthistiria australis

Anthobolus filifolius

Aphyllanthaceae

Apocyneae

Araliaceae

Aristida

Arthrocnemum Arbuscula

Arundo Phragmites

Asclepiadeae

Asparagus fasciculatus

Asteira

Atherospermeae

Atylosia

Avicennia

Backhousia

Baekea

Balfouria saligna

Banksia tomentosa

Barringtonia

Bauhinia Leichhardtii

Bidens

Bignoniaceae

Blechnum striatum

Blitum

Blumea Cunninghami

Blumea integrifolia

Blumea senecionidea

Boerhavia

Boronia

Borragineae

Bossiaea

Brachychiton

Breweria

Brunoniaceae

Buchnera asperata

Buchnera curviflora

Buchnera parviflora

Buettneriaceae

Caesia gilva

Calandrinia

Callicarpa adenophora

Callitrichineae

Callitris

Calogyne pilosa

Calopeplis

Calotis breviseta

Calyciflorae

Calycothrix

Campanulaceae

Capparis

Caprifoliaceae

Caraba Moluccensis

Cardiospermum

Carex

Carissa lanceolata

Carissa ovata

Cartonema spicatum

Cassia oligandra

Cassyta

Castaneae

Casuarina

Celastrineae

Cenchrus

Centaurineae

Centranthera hispida

Ceratophylleae

Cheilanthes tenuifolia

Chenopodeae

Chenopodium auricomum

Chloris Moorei

Chlorophytum xerotinum

Chrysocephalum

Cissus acida

Cleome flava

Cleome oxalidea

Cleome tetrandra

Clerodendron inerme

Cochlospermum heteroneurum

Coleocoma Centaurea

Comesperma

Commelyna undulata

Conifereae

Convolvulaceae

Convolvulus multivalvis

Corchorus

Cressa Cretica

Crinum angustifolium

Crotalaria

Crotalaria verrucosa

Cruciferae

Cucurbita jucunda

Cucurbitaceae

Cucurbitaceae

Cunoniaceae

Cyanotis canaliculata

Cycas media

Cymbidium canaliculatum

Cynanchum

Cynanchum pedunculatum

Cynodon Polystachyos

Cynodon tenellus

Cyperoideae

Cyperoideae

Cyperus

Dactyloctenium

Datura

Daviesia egena

Desmodium

Desvauxia

Dicerma

Dicliptera

Dillwynia

Diodontium filifolium

Dioscorea bulbifera

Diospyros rugosula

Dipodium punctatum

Distichostemon

Dodonaea

Drosera angustifolia

Drosera petiolaris

Ebenaceae

Ectrosia leporine

Ectrosia spadicea

Ehretia

Elaeocarpus

Elatineae

Enchylaena tomentosa

Epacrideae

Eremophila tuberculata

Eriachne avenacea

Eriachne capillaries

Eriachne glauca

Eriachne squarrosa

Erianthus fulvus

Erianthus irritans

Eriocaulons

Erythraea

Erythrina biloba

Erythrina Vespertilio

Eucalyptus rostrata

Euphorbia

Euphorbiaceae

Eurybia brachycomoides

Eurybiopsis macrorrhiza

Euxolus

Evolvulus

Exocarpus latifolia

Ficus

Fimbristylis

Flagellaria Indica

Flaveria Australasica

Frankenia

Fuirena glomerata

Gardenia

Gentianeae

Geraniaceae

Gleichenia Hermanni

Gleichenia microphylla

Glinus lotoides

Glossogyne tenuifolia

Glyceria

Gnaphalium luteo-album

Gomphrena

Goodenia hispida

Goodenia mollis

Goodenia purpurascens

Goodeniaceae

Gossypium Australe

Gratiola

Grevillea agrifolia

Grevillea angulata

Grevillea chrysodendron

Grevillea Dryandri

Grevillea Goodii

Grevillea heliosperma

Grevillea leucodendron

Grevillea mimosoides

Grevillea refracta

Grevillea striata

Gymnanthera nitida

Gymnema

Gyrocarpus

Haemodorum

Hakea arborescens

Hakea longifolia

Halgania solanacea

Halocnemum Australe

Halocnemum Indicum

Haloragis aspera

Haloragis glauca

Hedyotis

Heleocharis capitata

Heleocharis compacta

Helichrysum bracteatum

Helichrysum leptorrhynchoides

Helichrysum spathulifolium

Helicia

Heliotropium diversifolium

Heliotropium fasciculatum

Heliotropium ovalifolium

Heliotropium paniculatum

Heliotropium pimeloides

Heliotropium tenuifolium

Heliotropium ventricosum

Hemicarpus

Hemistemma

Herpestis floribunda

Hibbertia

Hibiscus

Hydrocharideae

Hygrophila angustifolia

Hypaelyptum microcephalum

Hypericinae

Hypnum cupressiforme

Hypnum Muelleri

Hypoestes floribunda

Hypoxideae

Imperata arundinacea

Indigofera

Inga moniliformis

Ionidium aurantiacum

Ionidium purpureum

Ipomoea alata

Ipomoea biflora

Ipomoea denticulate

Ipomoea dissecta

Ipomoea erecta

Ipomoea erecta

Ipomoea eriocarpa

Ipomoea gracilis

Ipomoea hederacea

Ipomoea heterophylla

Ipomoea incisa

Ipomoea longiflora

Ipomoea pannosa

Irideae

Ischaemum rottboellioides

Isolepis barbata

Jacksonia

Jambosa

Jasmineae

Jasminum divaricatum

Jasminum molle

Josephinia

Junceae

Jussiaea

Kentropsis

Kochia

Kunzea

Labiatae

Lappago

Laurineae

Lechenaultia

Ledobauria

Leguminosae

Lemnaceae

Lepidosperma

Leptocyamus

Leptonema

Leptospermum

Lhotzkya cuspidate

Limnanthemum crenatum

Limnanthemum geminatum

Limnanthemum minimum

Limnanthemum nymphaeifolium

Limnophila gratioloides

Lindernia alsinoides

Lindernia scapigera

Lineae

Lippia

Livistonia inermis

Lobelia

Lobophyllum tetrandrum

Loranthaceae

Lourea

Ludwigia

Luffa

Lycopodium

Lythraceae

Lythrum

Maba ovata

Magnoliaceae

Malvaceae

Marsilea quadrifolia

Melaleuca

Melastoma

Melhania

Melia

Melochia

Melochia

Mentha Australis

Mesembryanthemeae

Methorium

Microcarpaea muscosa

Microstemma tuberosum

Milium

Mimulus

Mitrasacme elata

Mitrasacme laricifolia

Mitrasacme prolifera

Mitrasacme ramosa

Mitrasacme stellata

Mollugo

Monenteles

Monocotyledoneae

Morgania glabra

Morgania pubescens

Morinda

Myoporinae

Myoporum tenuifolium

Myriogyne minuta

Myrsineae

Myrtaceae

Najas Indica

Nelsonia campestris

Nematophyllum

Nephrodium propinquum

Neurachne

Newcastelia

Nitrariaceae

Notochlaena vellea

Nyctagineae

Nympaea coerulea

Olacinae

Olax aphylla

Oleineae

Onagreae

Ophioglossum

Ophiurus corymbosus

Orchideae

Orobancheae

Orthostemon

Oryza

Osbeckia

Oxalideae

Oxycladium

Oxystelma carnosum

Pachynema complanatum

Pandanus aquaticus

Pandanus pedunculatus

Panicum argenteum

Panicum Crus Galli

Panicum decompositum

Panicum gracile

Panicum holosericeum

Panicum laevinode

Panicum papposum

Panicum semialatum

Panicum spinescens

Papaveraceae

Pappophorum pallidum

Pappophorum purpurascens

Parsonsia velutina

Paspalum orbiculare

Peplidium

Peplis

Perotis

Persoonia falcate

Petalogyne

Petalostigma cassioides

Pholidia stenochiloides

Phyllanthus

Physalis parviflora

Pimelea Punicea

Pithyrodia exsucca

Pittosporum

Plantagineae

Platyzoma microphyllum

Plectranthus moschatus

Plectranthus parviflorus

Pluchea erigeroides

Plumbagineae

Plumbago Zeelanica

Poa polymorpha

Poa tenella

Polycarpaea

Polygala

Polygonum Cunninghami

Polymeria

Pomaderris,

Portulaca

Portulacea

Potamogeton natans

Primulaceae

Proteaceae

Psoralina

Psychotricha

Pteris umbrosa

Ptilotus corymbus

Pultenaea

Ranunculaceae

Restiaceae

Rhagodia hastate

Rhamnaceae

Rhodanthemum minus

Rhodanthemum odoratum

Rhynchosia

Rhynchospora longisetis

Ridleya

Rosaceae

Rostellularia

Rotala

Rottboellia formosa

Rottlera

Rubiaceae

Rulinga

Salsola Australis

Salsola macrophylla

Santalaceae

Santalum lanceolatum

Sapindaceae

Sapoteae

Sarcocephalus

Sarcostemma Australe

Sarsalisia sericea

Sauratium

Scaevola Koenigii

Scaevola ovalifolia

Scaevola revoluta

Schizaea bifida

Scirpus

Sclerantheae

Scleria margaritifera

Scleria pygmaea

Scrophulariniae

Seaforthia elegans

Secamone ovata

Senecio

Senecio

Seringa

Sesbania Australasica

Sesuvium

Sida

Sison

Smilacineae

Solanum biflorum

Solanum echinatum

Solanum pulchellum

Sonchus

Sonchus

Southwellia

Spathodea heterophylla

Spathodea nematophylla

Spermacoce

Sphaeranthus megacephalus

Sphaeromorphaea petiolaris

Spilanthes Australis

Spinifex longifolius

Sporobolus Indicus

Sporobolus pulchellus

Stackhousieae

Stellaria

Stenochilus longifolius

Stenochilus maculates

Strychnos lucida

Stylidium alsinoides

Stylidium rotundifolium

Tacca pinnatifida

Tephrosia

Tetragoniaceae

Teucrium

Thalamiflorae

Therogeron integerrimus

Thouinia

Thuarea

Thymelieae

Thysanotus chrysantherus

Tremandreae

Trianthema

Tribulopsis angustifolia

Tribulopsis heteranthera

Tribulopsis pentandra

Tribulopsis Solandri

Tribulus acanthococcus

Tribulus ranunculiflorus

Trichinium distans

Trichinium gracile

Trichinium incanum

Trichinium nobile

Trichinium Preissii

Trichodesma Zeelanicum

Trichosanthes

Triglochin

Triodia pungens

Triraphis mollis

Triraphis pungens

Tristania

Triumfetta plumigera

Typha

Typhonium

Umbelliferae

Utricularia azurea

Utricularia chrysantha

Utricularia exoleta

Utricularia fulva

Velleya

Verbenaceae

Verbesineae

Vernonia cinerea

Verticordia scariosa

Vigna

Vitex cardiophylla

Vitex ovata

Vitex ovata

Vitex triphylla

Vitis

Vittadinia

Wahlenbergia gracilis

Waltheria

Wedelia

Wollastonia

Xanthostemon

Xerochloa

Xerotideae

Xyris laevis

Xyris paludosa

Zizyphus melastomoides

Zornia dictyocarpa

Zygophylleae