WCP1917

[1]¹

To C.Darwin.) 9, St.Mark's Crescent N.W. March 10th 1869

Dear Darwin Thanks for your kind note. I could not persuade Mr Macmillan to cut more than 25 copies for my own friends, and he even seemed to think this a sign of most strange and barbarous taste.

Mr Weiss' Weir's paper on the kinds of larvae &c. eaten or rejected by insectivorous birds, was read at the last meeting of the Entomological Society & was most interesting & satisfactory. His observations & experiments, so far as they have yet gone, confirm in every instance my hypothetical explanation of the colours of catterpillars (sic). before the hairs are developed He finds that all nocternal [sic] feeding obscure coloured catterpillars, all green & brown and mimicking catterpillars, are greedily eaten by almost every insectivorous bird. On the other hand every gaily coloured spotted or banded species, which never conceal themselves, and all spiny & hairy kinds are invariably rejected, either without or after trial. He has also come to the curious and rather unexpected conclusion, that hairy & spiny catterpillars are not protected by their hairs,— but by their nauseous taste, the hairs being merely an external mark of their uneatableness, like the gay colour of others. He deduces this from two kinds of facts — 1st. That very young catterpillars before the hairs are developed are equally rejected,— and 2nd. that in may cases the smooth pupae & even the perfect insect of the same species, are equally rejected.

His facts it is true are at present not very numerous, but they all point one way. They seem to me to lend an immense support to my view of the great importance of protection in determining colour,— for it has not only prevented the eatable species from ever acquiring bright colours spots or markings injurious to them, but it has also conferred on all the nauseous species distinguishing marks to render their uneatableness more protective to them than it would be otherwise be. When you have read my book I shall be glad of any hints for corrections if it comes to another edition. I was horrified myself by coming accidentally on several verbal inelegancies after all my trouble in correcting, & I have no doubt there are many more important errors.

Believe me Dear Darwin Yours very truly Alfred R. Wallace

To C.Darwin.) 9,St.Mark’s Crescent N.W. March 10th.1869

Dear Darwin

Thanks for your kind note. I could not persuade Mr. Macmillan¹ to cut more than 25 copies for my own frie[nds], and he even seemed to think this a sign of most strange and barbarous taste.

Mr. Weiss’ Weir’s paper² on the kinds of larvae &c. eaten or rejected by insectivorous birds, was read at the last meeting of the Entomological Society & was most interesting & satisfactory. His observations & experiments, so far as they have yet gone, confirm in every instance my hypothetical explanation of the colours of catterpillers[sic]. before the hairs are developed He finds that all nocturnal feeding obscure coloured catterpillars[sic], all green & brown and mimicking catterpillars[sic], are greedily eaten by almost every insectivorous bird. On the other hand every gaily coloured spotted or banded species, which never conceal themselves, and all spiny & hairy kinds are invariably rejected, either without or after trial. He has also come to the curious and rather unexpected conclusion, that hairy & spiny catterpillars[sic] are not protected by their hairs,- but by their nauseous taste, the hairs being merely an external mark of their uneatableness[sic], like the gay colours of others. He deduces this from two kinds of facts — 1st. that very young catterpillars[sic] before the hairs are developed are equally rejected,- and 2nd. that in many cases the smooth pupae & even the perfect insect of the same species, are equally rejected.

His facts it is true are at present not very numerous, but they all point one way. They seem to me to lend an immense support to my view of the great importance of protection in determining colour,- for it has not only prevented the eatable species from ever acquiring bright colours spots or markings injurious to them, but it has also conferred on all the nauseous species distinguishing marks to render their uneatableness[sic] more protective to them than it would be otherwise be.

When you have read my book I shall be glad of any hints for corrections if it comes to another edition. I was horrified myself my coming accidentally on several verbal inelegancies after all my trouble in correcting, & I have no doubt there are many more important ones errors.

Believe me | Dear Darwin | Yours very truly | Alfred R. Wallace. [signature]

[1] [p. 235]

9 St. Mark's Crescent, N.W. March 10, 1869.

Dear Darwin, — Thanks for your kind note. I could not persuade Mr. Macmillan to cut more than twenty-five copies for my own friends, and he even seemed to think this a sign of most strange and barbarous taste.

Mr. Weir's paper on the kinds of larvae, etc., eaten or rejected by insectivorous birds was read at the last meeting of the Entomological Society and was most interesting and satisfactory. His observations and experiments, so far [2] [p. 236] as they have yet gone, confirm in every instance my hypothetical explanation of the colours of caterpillars. He finds that all nocturnal-feeding obscure-coloured caterpillars, all green and brown and mimicking caterpillars, are greedily eaten by almost every insectivorous bird. On the other hand, every gaily coloured, spotted or banded species, which never conceal themselves, and all spiny and hairy kinds, are invariably rejected, either without or after trial. He has also come to the curious and rather unexpected conclusion, that hairy and spiny caterpillars are not protected by their hairs, but by their nauseous taste, the hairs being merely an external mark of their uneatableness, like the gay colours of others. He deduces this from two kinds of facts: (1) that very young caterpillars before the hairs are developed are equally rejected, and (2) that in many cases the smooth pupae and even the perfect insects of the same species are equally rejected.

His facts, it is true, are at present not very numerous, but they all point one way. They seem to me to lend an immense support to my view of the great importance of protection in determining colour, for it has not only prevented the eatable species from ever acquiring bright colours, spots, or markings injurious to them, but it has also conferred on all the nauseous species distinguishing marks to render their uneatableness more protective to them than it would otherwise be. When you have read my book I shall be glad of any hints for corrections if it comes to another edition. I was horrified myself by coming accidentally on several verbal inelegancies after all my trouble in correcting, and I have no doubt there are many more important errors. — Believe me, dear Darwin, yours very truly, ALFRED R. WALLACE.