WCP5342

Letter (WCP5342.5888)

[1]1

Kew

Aug. 7th / [18]66

Dear old Darwin

You must not let me worry you. I am an obstinate pig — but you must not be miserable at my looking at the same thing in a different light from you — I must get to the bottom of this question — & that is all I can do — some clever fellow one day will knock the bottom out of it, & see his way to explain what to a Botanist without a theory to support must be very great difficulties — True enough, all may be explained as you reason it will be, I quite [2] grant this: but meanwhile all is not so explained, & I cannot accept an explanetus a hypothesis that leaves so many facts unaccounted for..2

You say temp[erate]. parts of N. Am[erica] nearly 2½ times as distant from Azores as Europe is. According to a rough calculation on Col[onel] James’3 chart I make

East. Azores to Portugal 850

West do to N[ew]. F[ound]. Land 1500

but I am writing to a friend at Admiralty to have the distance calculated (which looks like cracking nuts with Nasmyth’s4 hammer! —

Are European birds blown to America?

Are the Azorean erratics an established fact? I want [3] them very badly, though they are not of much consequence, as a slight sinking would hide all evidence of that sort.

I do want to sum up impartially, leaving verdict to jury, I cannot do this without putting all difficulties most clearly — how do you know how you would farewith me if you were a continentalist! — Then too we must recollect that I have to meet a host who are all on the continental side, in fact pretty nearly all the thinkers, Forbes5, Hartung6, Heer7, Unger8, Wollaston9, Lowe10, (Wallace I suppose)11 & now Andrew Murray12. I do not regard all these, & snap my fingers at all but you: in my inmost soul I conscientiously say I incline [4] to your theory — but I cannot accept it as an established truth, or unexceptionable hypothesis.

The “Wire bird” being a grallator is a curious fact favorable to you. Sclater13 never heard of it. How I do yearn to go out again to S[ain]t Helena.

Ever y[ou]rs affec[tionately] | J D Hooker [signature]

Of course I accept the Ornithological evidence as tremendous strong — though why they should get blown Westerly, & not changed specifically as Insects[,] shells & plants have have done, is a mystery.

There are lines in pencil in the margins marking certain passages of

the text by Charles Darwin.

According to the Darwin Correspondence Project, Hooker and Darwin are debating "the means by which oceanic islands had become populated by plants". Hooker refers to Darwin’s hypothesis that plants can occasionally be transported across oceans. See < https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/DCP-LETT-5183.xml> [accessed 6 October 2020].
James, Henry (1803-1877). British Army officer; Director-General of the Ordnance Survey 1854-75.
Nasmyth, James Hall (1808-1890). British engineer and inventor, notably of the steam hammer (1839).
Forbes, Edward (1815-1854). British natural historian; palaeontologist to the Geological Survey of Great Britain 1844-54. See Forbes, E. 1846. On the connexion between the distribution of the existing fauna and flora of the British Isles, and the geological changes which have affected their area, especially during the epoch of the Northern Drift. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Great Britain, and of the Museum of Economic Geology in London 1: 336–432.
Hartung, Georg (1821-1891) German geologist. See Hartung, G. 1864. Geologische Beschreibung der Inseln Madeira und Porto Santo. Leipzig: W. Engelmann.
Heer, Oswald (1809-1883). Swiss paleontologist and naturalist. See Heer, O. 1857. Ueber die fossilen Pflanzen von St. Jorge in Madeira. [Read 5 November 1855.] Neue Denkschriften der allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für die gesammten Naturwissenschaften n.s. 5 (1857): paper 2.
Unger, Franz Joseph Andreas Nicolaus (1800-1870) Austrian botanist, palaeontologist and plant physiologist. See Unger, F. 1860. I. Die versunkene Insel Atlantis. II. Die physiologische Bedeutung der Pflanzencultur. Zwei Vorträge gehalten im Ständehause im Winter des Jahres 1860. Vienna: Wilhelm Braumüller..
Wollaston, Thomas Vernon (1822-1878). British entomologist and malacologist. See Wollaston, T. V. 1856. On the Variation of Species with Especial Reference to the Insecta; Followed by an Inquiry into the Nature of Genera. London: John van Voorst.
Lowe, Richard Thomas (1802-1874) British naturalist and clergyman. According to the Darwin Correspondence Project, Hooker refers to Lowe due to his work on the geology and natural history of the Atlantic Islands later published as Lowe, R. T. 1868. A manual flora of Madeira and the adjacent islands of Porto Santo and the Desertas. London: John van Voorst.
See Wallace, A. R. 1857. On the natural history of the Aru Islands. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (2d ser.) 20: 473–85.
Murray, Andrew Dickson (1812-1878). British lawyer, entomologist and botanist. See Murray, A. D. 1866. The Geographical Distribution of Mammals. London: Day and Son.
Sclater, Philip Lutley (1829-1913). British lawyer, zoologist and ornithologist, secretary to the Zoological Society of London.

Please cite as “WCP5342,” in Beccaloni, G. W. (ed.), Ɛpsilon: The Alfred Russel Wallace Collection accessed on 1 May 2024, https://epsilon.ac.uk/view/wallace/letters/WCP5342